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SPACE SURVEY PHOTOCAMERAS FOR CARTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES.
Viktor N. Lavrov, Dr. Sc., General Director Deputy, SOVINFORMSPUTNIK, Russia.
Commission |, Working Group 3
KEY WORDS: Cartography, Calibration, Resolution, Camera, Accuracy.
ABSTRACT:
Despite of the impetuous development of electro-optic survey systems, photo-cameras continue to be broadly in use
for space survey. Their use is especially effective in cartography because these cameras provide high resolution and
geometrically accurate imagery in large swath as well as allow acquisition of stereoscopic images for relief
determination.
The article considers design features and parameters of TK-350 topographic camera and KVR-1000 panoramic
camera developed in Russia with the purpose of space survey for cartographic applications.
TK-350 topographic camera has 350 mm focal length and 300x450 mm format. The main advantage of images
provided by this camera is high geometric accuracy achieved by calibration of all necessary parameters.
KVR-1000 high resolution panoramic camera has 1000 mm focal length and 18x72 cm image size, it provides 2 m
ground resolution at 220 km height of flight and 160 km swath.
Joint use of TK-350 and KVR-1000 cameras integrated with the spacecraft’s on-board equipment, measuring external
orientation elements of images, allows to obtain information required for photogrammetric processing of the images
and production of 1:50 000 scale topographic maps and digital maps. Practically, it is possible to create map of any
area of the Earth surface, including the areas where geodetic ground control points are unavailable.
Despite of the impetuous development of opto- technical characteristics of TK-350 camera are
electronic survey systems, photo-cameras in Russia presented in Table 1 below:
continue to be broadly in use for space survey. Its use is
especially effective in cartography because these
cameras provide high resolution and geometric e Focal length 350 mm;
accuracy in large swath as well as make possible to |--—-—-———————— [tmm
acquire stereoscopic images for relief determination. e Frame ı 300 x 450 mm;
[.-——— M rem [p-————-——-—-------4
e Relative | 1:56
Within the last years photographic images of 10 m and aperture format !
2 m resolution, made by converted spacecraft ^ [—-—————————-p-—-—-—-—-—-—-—-—-—-—-————-
equipped with TK-350 and KVR-1000 cameras, are in e Optical power ; 80 lines/mm in center
use in the interest of Russia and world community. The : 35 lines/mm on the edge
right. of commercial distribution. of these images is. J--—-=-—-=-—-—--—--- r---------—-—---——"
granted to Association “Sovinformsputnik”, which is the e Distortion i 20 mkm - maximum
first Russian company of such type. The company is : 2.5 mkm - RMS of calibration
aimed to market internationally high resolution satellite hd, ER TORE aaa
imagery and products made therefrom. re Light hier DOSE la LL
e Calibration | with 10 mm step
Topographic camera TK-350 and panoramic camera crosses
KVR-1000 in combination with corresponding detectors — [-——7———— —— OD A A =
for during-the-flight determination of external orientation e Imagery shift available
elements form cartographic system designed for | s compensation | "ee 0 0000 0 ©
production of topographic and digital maps without any e Longitudinal | 60% or 80%
ground control points. TK-350 camera provides high overlap I
precision images suitable for photogrammetric networks à
development and relief definition, and KVR-1000
camera is designed for obtaining of high resolution
imagery, required for interpretation of ground objects.
Table 1. TK-350 camera technical characteristics.
In developing of TK-350 primary attention was paid to
increasing of photo base and image accuracy. In this
connection rectangular frame format was selected,
where long side of image frame coincides with the flight
direction. Stereoscopic overlap of 8096 allows to have
B/H ratio equal to 1.1.
Topographic camera TK-350
As it is known, in stereo photogrammetric processing of
the images accuracy of ground point definition
significantly depends on the ratio of photo base (B) to
shooting height (H). In satellite photography, where it is
practically impossible to have H less than 200 km, the special flattening glass by means of pressing rollers. In
only way to increase B/H ratio is to increase frame sp doing nd TS. ym achieved: i) significant
Cte KM ea t e Largo Format pressure in film flattening, and ii) there is no sag of
' flattening glass at the moment of film exposure when it
In order to provide flatness of film it is pressed to
105
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B1. Vienna 1996
