inside
y the
effect
critical
ending
or AV
pectral
"tween
NAT-S
ontrast
oraphy
where
y and
v time
. 2412
ANSI
f:5.6.
ast
100:1
S with
high-
"ssible
ighest
ENS
.10.95
assess
uction
th the
ssured
imera.
Positioning and navigation of the aircraft over the nominal
waypoints were realised with the Leica GPS MX 9212 which is
an integral part of the Leica ASCOT / ACU30 Aerial Survey
Navigation System.
Test site
Location
Dimensions
Type
Used control points
Type of points
Flight data
Aircraft type
Flying height/gnd.
Flying speed
Mission data
Nominal image scale
Longitudinal overlap
Buchs SG, Switzerland
length 1.4 km, width 0.6 km
flat terrain with residential, industrial and
railway zones
100 to 122
mostly round man-hole covers on street
Pilatus Porter PC-6
f= 153 mm: nominal 382 m
f= 303 mm: nominal 762 m
about 90 kts
1:2 500
70%
Number of models 3x 1 strip with 8 models
Film type Kodak Plus-X 2402
Filter Haze 420 nm
Exposure time 1/100 s to 1/300 s (for f=153 mm)
Aperture f:4
Restitution
Photo material diapositive contact prints on Agfa
Avitone P3p
Equipment SD 2000 Analytical instrument
Method independent models
Magnification 18 fold
Photogrammetric results
Residuals on control
points:
Eastings + 1.5 cm
Northings + 1.5 cm (flight nearly N-S and S-N)
Height +3 cm
These residuals are in the same magnitude as the accuracy of the
geodetic coordinates. They correspond at image scale to x,y errors
of + 6 microns and in altitude to 0,08 per thousand of the flying
height above ground. These good results were achieved even for
long exposure times (max. 1/100 s) and / or intentionally dis-
turbed aircraft stability in terms of rotation angles pitch / roll /
drift.
Furthermore, first high-altitude flight tests with 15/4 UAG-S
(with Panatomic-X 2412 emulsion) have already confirmed the
high image quality and geometric accuracy, in flight conditions
with less critical influence of both FMC and camera rotations.
This opens new possibilities for small-scale mapping.
CONCLUSIONS
One of the major aims when developing the new generation of
lens cones was to achieve full optical quality at maximum
aperture f:4. This assures best imaging conditions for low-
contrast targets. In small-scale missions the inherent capabilities
of high-resolution films are enhanced. Also for large and
181
medium image scales, there is no need for a compromise
between optimal aperture and short exposure time. Higher
resolution makes it possible to fly at higher altitudes which
reduces flying time and costs. On the other hand the possibility
to fly in difficult light conditions thanks to high image quality
at f14 increases profitability. This challenge of overcoming
opposing physical conditions has been fulfilled with the new
.9- lens generation together with the RC30 camera equipped
with FMC and AMC.
Acknowledgment:
Dr B. Braunecker, Dr E. Mathieu, D. Gut and F. Zuberbühler
for their valuable input and support in the preparation of this
paper.
References:
References from Journals:
Hildebrand, K, 1983. New generation Lens Systems for the
Wild Aviophot Aerial Camera System. Photogr. Engin. and
Remote Sensing, Vol. 49, N? 8, Aug. 1983.
References from Wild / Leica publications:
Schlienger, R., 1972. A new generation of Wild high-
performance lenses for photogrammetry (ISP, Ottawa 1972).
Tiziani, H, V.1978. Image quality criteria for aerial survey
lenses. ISP Working Group I-1. ISP-Symposium, Commission
I, Tokyo, May 1978.
Gut, D. / Bock, F. / Schlienger, R, IV.1989. Test flight with
FMC Camera Wild RC20.
Gut, D. / Schlienger, R, 7.1992. Wild RC20 Testflights and
Results. Test site Buchs, CH. New lens cone 15/4 UAG-S.
Leica Practice report, 1994. ASCOT / GPS Testflight Buchs -
July 23, 1993, Wild RC30 / Sercel.
Leica Product information, XI.1995. Principle and benefits of
the gyro-stabilized aerial camera mount Leica PAV30.
Leica Product information, XII.1995. Test flight with the new
lens cones Leica 30/4 NAT-S.
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B1. Vienna 1996
