Point/Point, Point/Line, Point/Surfacc. Point/Body,
Line/Line, Line/Surface, Linc/Body, Surface/Surface,
Surface/Body, Body/Body.
The advantages of this system is consistency and
efficiency. It is easy to exchange data sets and to extend
the analysis functions.
S. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK
In this paper, The advantages and disadvantages of the
abstract representation techniques about geometric
objects are discussed. The formal data structure for 3D
vector maps (3D FDS; Molcanncr, 1992) is well suited for
the representation of buildings and other man-made
objects which can be sampled exhaustively because of
their regular shapes. This data model identified nine sets
of topological relationships between the four geometric
object types, but the scts is ncither orthogonal nor
complete. So we proposed a formal way of modcling
topological relationships suitable for the definition of an
actual query language towards GIS and implement the
3D GIS modeling environment on the micro-computer
with the integrate of Mapinfo, AutoCAD and RDBMS.
The framework presented is considered a start and
further investigations are necessary to verify its suitability.
The plans for further work are:
1).extend the framework to encompass also the complex
feature;
2). implement more complex analysis functions;
3). check the usefulness of query language.
4). implement spatial reasoning.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This project has been funded by “ Huo Yingdong
Education Foundation of State Education Committee of
China ” and by “Trains-Century Training Programmer
Foundation for the Talents by the State Education
Commission.".
Special thanks go to the Prof. Jun CHEN for his help and
suggestion.
REFERENCES
1 Egenhofer M], and. Herring: CR 1990, A
Mathematical Framework for the Definition of
Topological Relationships. In: Proceedings of 4th
International Symposium on Spatial Data Handing .
278
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B3. Vienna 1996
to
Egenhofer. M.J., and Franzosa, D. R., 1991, Point-Set
Topological Spatial Relations. In: Int. J. GIS.
3. Clementini. E. .and Felice,D.P..1993.A Small Sct of
Format Topological Relationships Suitable for End-
User Interaction. In: Advances in Spatial Databases.
4. Oosterom.P.V., 1994, Integrated 3D Modelling
Within GIS. In: Advanced Geographic Data
Modelling .
5. Yi-Hsing.T. ,and Chang-jan L., 1993, Spatial Data
Modeling for 3D GIS.
Pigot, S..1994. A topological Model for a 3D SIS.
7. Peter R. G. Bak and Andrew J. B. Mill, 1993. Three
dimensional representation in a Gooscientific
Resource Management System for the mincrals
industry.
8 Fisher. T. Rin:1993 >rUse ^ ofi 13D - Geographic
Information Systems in Hazardous Waste Site
investigations. Fnvironmental Modeling with
GIS,OXFORO unversity press, pp 238-247
9. Dieter Fritsch, 1992. Towards three-dimensional data
structures in GIS.
10. Martien Molenaar, 1992. A topology for 3D vector
maps. /7C Journal, vol 1.
1 l. Martien Molenaar, 1990. A formal data structure for
three dimensional vector maps. Proc 4th int symp on
spatial data handling, Zurich.pp 830-843
12. Martien Molcnaar, 1994. A query oricnted
implementation of a topologic data structurc for 3D
vector maps. /N7:.J. GIS. vol 8,no 3. pp 243-260
13. Martien Molenaar, 1993. Object Hierarchies and
uncertainly in GIS or why is Standardization so
difficult? GIS. vol 4. pp 22-29
14. Martien Molenaar, 1995. A synatx for the
representation of fuzzy spatial objects. Advanced
Geographic Data Modelling, pp155-169
I5. Rongxing Li, 1994. Threc dimensional GIS : A
simple extension in the third dimension ?
16. Yi-Hsing Tseng, 1994. Spatial data modcling for 3D
GIS.
17.Ferenc Sarkozy, 1994. The GIS concept and 3D
modeling. Comput.,Environ.,and Urban Systems.
vol.18. pp 111-121
18. Eric Carlson, 1993. 3D conceptual modeling of
subsurface structures.
19.A.Keith Turner, 1992. 3D GIS for ground-water
modeling.
20. Christopher B. Jones, 1989. Data structure for 3D
spatial information systems in geology. INT.J.GIS.
vol 3. pp 15-31
21. Chen, X., and K. Ikeda, 1995. A workstation for
Three-dimensional spatial data rescarch. Proceedings
of LIESMARS 95 . pp 42-51
22. Pilouk, M., and Tempfli, K., 1995. A tetrahedron-
based 3D vector data model for Geoinformation.
Advanced Geographic Data Modelling, pp129-140
S
KEY M
ABSTR
Deform:
extracte
energies
extensic
analyse
images,
type an
refinem
guidanc
large cc
Deform
surface
minimi
energie
image |
rigidity
extract
betwee
deform
interac
for mo
as well
be or
fields.
have it
analyse
own e
medicz
introdi
gramm
The p
indicat
still v
Devek
2.1
The b.
et al.
(snake
energy
and h
contol