d KVR-
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At the
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| KVR-
V^].
linates
nt;
Mmod. - RMS error of the image mathematic model of
geometry;
M,yH - RMS error of the location of geodetic basis
control points;
t - image scale;
e - inclination angle of the image;
r- maximum distance of the points being determined
from the point of nadir of the image;
n - number of control points of geodetic basis.
The value of RMS error mx, depends on a range of
factors, affecting during the execution of technological
process. The main ones are: resolving power of the
image, psycho-physiological abilities of the operator and
instrumental accuracy of measuring device used.
RMS error mmoq, is defined by the degree to which
mathematical description of the law of imagery is
adequate to real physical processes being in force at
the moment of taking picture.
The values of RMS errors My, are determined by the
method of the image planimetric-height basis
production.
In consideration of regularity of action of errors
mentioned, all the above said can be graphically
presented in the following way:
8 4
Xy
Systematic error
»
»
n
Fig. 1 Correlation of accidental and systematic
errors of general error u of the image.
Measuring capabilities of the image define theoretical
accuracy limit oxy of its photogrammetric processing.
For TK-350 images it is in 7 - 8 mkm range, for KVR-
1000 images it is equal to 5 -6 mkm approximately.
The error induced by the operator in identifying of
ground objects on the image is determined, mainly, by
the resolving power of the image:
Mid = 1000 mkm /4.1 Rimage (2)
where
mia - RMS error of identification of ground objects on the
image;
259
Rimage - resolving power of the image.
For TK-350 imagery the accuracy of ground objects
identification in consideration of resolving power of its
representation on the image is on the level of 8 mkm,
for KVR-1000 imagery this parameter approximately
equals to 4-6 mkm.
The degree of strictness of the image mathematic
model is determined by the level of remaining errors
occurred due to consideration of the image geometry
distortion. For TK-350 imagery such distortion is
caused by deviations from the law of imagery in ideal
central projection. Practically, for taking these
deviations into consideration, the grid of control
crosses is printed in along the field of the image.
Coordinates of these crosses are calibrated in outer
bunch of projecting beams. Step of the grid is 1 cm.
Using this grid geometric distortion of the image can be
corrected with the accuracy 4-5 mkm. For KVR-1000
data the most strict factor is a dynamic model of the
image geometry forming. This model corrects the
satellite's movements during the time of film exposure,
distortion and de-centering of panoramic satellite
camera's lens system scanning part, as well as varying
displacement of the main point in panoramying the
image. Practical investigations made by the author
show that using dynamic model, determination errors of
KVR-1000 panoramic imagery law are in the limits of
14-17 mkm.
In producing of planimetric-height basis of TK-350
image by means of photo triangulation development
the main component is the value of the errors in
geodetic reference points location. Figure 2
demonstrates the plot of photo-triangulation accuracy
for TK-350 images drawn out on the following
conditions:
Mia = + 8 mkm;
mxy 7 7-8 mkm;
n = 20;
f = 350 mm;
Mmod = 4-5 mkm;
= 40.
ent, ;
m2 = +22.5 cm.
‚Mm
|
=»
B Or
lF- — m ‘
H 0.77 J
Le /
; /
E: n — 20 points ^
^ .
Or ‘@,”
^ 7
L ^4 ^
e^ 41
M zT 4
u^ e
- - Pd
sr Pd
- -
I zo 27
cett m
mem ET ant f
M, (m)
1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 >
10 20
Fig. 2 — Accuracy of photo-triangulation
development for TK-350 images
(curve 1 - in plane, curve 2 - in height).
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B4. Vienna 1996
