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- As a further attribute the function of the building (GFK,
e.g. dwelling-house, school, church, administration, farm,
etc.) has to be ascertained. In a first step this attribute will
be set according to the representation in the TK 10 N.
Corrections will then be made by local administrations.
- Discrepancies between the stereo-compilation and the
TK 10 N concerning missing or additional buildings will be
clarified by topographic field surveyors if the revision cycle
for the TK 10 N reaches the corresponding area. At this
stage also further corrections for the attribute GFK will be
made. After this step the buildings can be stored into the
ATKIS database.
If at a later stage the ALK is complete for an area with
buildings already captured by stereo- compilation only the
planimetric coordinates and the attribute GFK will be
replaced by a semi-automatic procedure. The heights
and other attributes which are not stored in the ALK will
not be changed.
3.7 Integration of Relief Information
Objects of the class "Relief" are already defined in ATKIS-OK
(e.g. DEM-grid, contour, break line, slope, dike) but the the
integration into the DLM 25 is left to further stage.
The LVermA BB has already established a digital elevation
model (DEM 50, grid width of 50 m x 50 m, height accuracy
+ 5 m) from digitized contour lines of topographic maps
1: 50,000. A DEM 25 (grid width 25 m x 25 m, height
accuracy € 2 m) is currently beeing built-up for digital
generation of orthophoto maps TK 10 DL. The DEM 25 is
interpolated from
- contours digitized from maps 1 : 25,000 and
- photogrammetricaly ^ captured — geomorphologically
relevant information like ridge lines, surface edges,
scarps, ramps and dikes.
The parameters of the DEM 25 correspond to the ATKIS
requirements and would allow the integration into the DLM
25.
The LVermA BB is however currently testing different
methods for generating a more accurate DEM 10 (grid width
10 m x 10 m, height accuracy £ 0.5 m) :
- Digitizing of contours from the TK 10 N,
- Image matching with TopoSURF,
- Photogrammetric measurements,
- Laser-scanning.
Based on the results of these tests the generation of the
DEM 10 will be started as soon as the DEM 25 is complete.
4. FUTURE UPDATING METHODS
Some proposed semi-automatic updating methods were
Investigated and their potential and chances for realization
were judged.
While methods based on remote sensing or auto-mated
feature extraction do not promise reliable results within the
near future, a data exchange with the ALK seems to be
possible in areas where the ALK reaches a certain
completeness.
Also a data exchange with users of the DLM 25 might be
Possible in a later stage if these users are capable to deliver
EDBS-formatted updating data sets (e.g. update records
about changes of road classifications from the road
administration).
5. OUTLOOK
Concerning updating of the DLM 25 the German surveying
and mapping agencies are still in a stage of evaluation or
testing. The described solutions for the state of Brandenburg
are based on well known and proven technologies and
therefore there is no risk that they might fail. A change to
more sophisticated automated procedures might be possible
even within the realization phase of the DLM 25/2 (1997 -
2000) if they prove to be reliable and less costly.
REFERENCES
Journals:
Krakau, W., 1994. Die groBmaRstablichen topographischen
Kartenwerke 1 : 10 000 und 1 : 25 000 des Landes Branden-
burg. Kartographische Nachrichten (KN), 44(2), pp. 45-54.
Krause, U., 1995. Konzeption des Landesvermessungs-
amtes NRW zur Fortführung des DLM 25/1 und zur Reali-
sierung des DLM 25/2. NaKaVerm Nr. 113, pp. 139-145.
Mischke, A., 1995. Fortführungsmóglichkeiten für das
Digitale Landschaftsmodell 25 (DLM 25). NÓV NRW Heft 2,
pp. 131-141
Books:
Harbeck, R. (Ed.), 1994. Das Geoinformationssystem ATKIS
und seine Nutzung in Wirtschaft und Verwaltung.
Proceedings of the AdV-Syposium ATKIS at Landesver-
messungsamt Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bonn-Bad Godesberg.
Kophstahl, E. & Sellge, H. (Eds.), 1995. Das Geoinfor-
mationssystem ATKIS und seine Nutzung in Wirtschaft und
Verwaltung. Proceedings of the 2nd AdV-Symposium ATKIS
at Hannover.
Others:
AdV, 1989. Amtliches Topographisch-Kartographisches
Informationssystem ATKIS - Gesamtdoukmentation. Printing
& Distribution : Landesvermessungsamt Nordrhein-West-
falen, Bonn Bad Godesberg
585
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B4. Vienna 1996
