TE e E O 
I md m 4 
à | gn 0 rli Qu a 
LI 1 r1 
Cl 0 s E E 0 Ft 
0 |^ o. 
Cl L1 
A C O 
Ee 
n : gu > ; 
d 0 a à 
. L1 CI 
ee 
  
  
  
  
Figure 3. Block III ( Photo scale 7 1 : 4300 ) 
5. CONCLUSIONS 
The aim of that test project was to check the available 
hardware and software for official applications and to 
analyze the obtained results under the national mapping 
specifications. 
We have not had any problem except the interruptions of 
communication among the stations in that project. 
As it well known, accuracy expected for GPS supported 
blocks with cross-strips and free drift parameters per strip 
is about 1.5 (cox s ) in planimetry and about 2.0 (o, x s ) 
in height (Ackermann 1992 ) (o, : photogrammetric 
measuring accuracy ). 
We had the accuracy compatible with that expectation for 
block I and II (1.1/ 1.5 - 1.8/1.5 (oo x s) for X; Y and 2.4- 
1.8 (c, x s) for Z). The accuracy for large scale 
application (Block III) is 2.5/2.4 (o, x s) for X, Y and 4.1 
(c, X s) for Z. The height accuracy is ratherly high at first 
glance but, when it compared with flight altitude, it is 
lower than the value of 0.0001x h. ( equal to 0.00007 h ). 
That result fits the expectation included in national 
mapping specification. 
Also we have seen that the results of adjusments with 
independent models without using GPS data (which 
were not given here) almost the same with the results of 
bundle blocks with GPS data. 
It is clear that the number of control points will be 
reduced almost 90% by using kinematic GPS supported 
aerial triangulation. That means, highly significant 
savings can be provided in time and money for an 
organization which has a big production capacity. 
REFERENCES 
ACKERMANN, F., 1992. Operational Rules and 
Accuracy Models for GPS-Aerotriangulation. 
ISPRS (Commission IIT), Washington DC. 
Vol XXIX, Part B3, pp 691-700. 
BLANKENBERG, L. E., OVSTEDAL, O. 1993. 
Block Adjustment with GPS-Results from 
test flight Fredrikstad. 44th PhoWo 
Proceedings, 1993. 
BURMAN, H., TORLEGARD, K., 1994. Empirical 
Results of GPS - Supported Block 
Triangulation. OEEPE official publication No:29. 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B4. Vienna 1996 
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