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3. GIS OF BAY OF BAKAR 
3.1. Air 
The biggest problem in the Bay of Bakar is air pollution ( 
imission ). The atmosphere of the eastern part of Rijeka, 
respectively, closer and wider area of Bay of Bakar, is 
effected by the sources of the emissions of various gases 
and suspended particles from that very area, and from 
wider territory, too. The most important influence comes 
from Oil Refinery Rijeka, Power Plant ‘Rijeka’ and the 
Coke Industry Bakar which has been removed a few 
months ago, but consequences of its presence in the bay 
are still there. Emissions of the injurious substances are 
the most significant parameters which effect to the air 
pollution in the zone of influence of emittants. 
Favorable conditions for the closer and wider area of the 
Bay of Bakar, from the aspect of the aquitance of the air 
quality of that area, is the network for the air quality 
measurements around the Bay of Bakar. Program of the 
measurement comprises the measurements of the basic 
pollutants ( sulphur-dioxide, smoke, sediment) as a 
common indicator of the air pollution from the dominant 
sources of the area, and specific pollutants of the air ( 
nitrogen-dioxide, ammonia, phenol, hydrogen-sulfide, index 
PAU), which are characteristic emission from the industrial 
installations (refinery, coke industry, etc. ). In 
consideration of the program of measurement mentioned 
above, it is noticeably that basic indicators of the air 
pollution are observed daily, continuously, whereas some 
specific — pollutants, because of complexity and 
expensiveness of analyzes, were measured at a certain 
number of places every second, forth or sixth day. It has to 
be remarked that observations performed every sixth day 
are considered as minimum annual program of 
measurements which gives representative image about the 
distribution of frequency of particular pollution concentration 
in the air during the year. 
3.1.1. Cadastre of SO, emissions 
Organized set of data about emission named "Cadastre of 
emission’ gives spatial disposition of emission and 
comprises data about sources of emission, their physical 
characteristics and quantities of injurious substances outlet 
into the atmosphere. By the knowledge of emission, 
application of model of dispersion and results of 
Measurements of pollution, determination of efficient 
strategy for air protection of certain area is enabled. 
765 
At the urban area, a large number of various inorganic and 
organic noxious substances, which are the consequences 
of human activities or which are of the natural origin, exist 
in the air. From the industrial stokeholds noxious 
substances are also emitted. Cadastre of SO, is given by 
measurement of substances which cause contamination, in 
the chimneys before they are going to be let out in the 
atmosphere, whether by estimation of emission on the 
basis of fuel used up, sulphur comprised in fuel and 
coefficient of emission. With the other gases which are 
product of burning out of the fuel is the same case. 
Emissions of the suspended particles are determined by 
measurement. Emission of other contaminators is 
determined by estimation. 
There are two different ways how the cadastre of pollutants 
can be organized due to data of emission: 
1. all relevant data about pollution are related to the 
individual source of pollution (e.g. Thermo-Electricity Power 
Plant, Coke Industry, groups of houses, roads, etc. ); 
2. all pollutants are related to the eight different substances 
which cause the pollution; 
3. all pollutants are related to particular measuring station . 
So, managing the data about the pollution, nevetherless 
which one of models proposed above, is the spatial 
problem, so , cadastre of emission my be incorporated as 
an integral part into the environmental GIS. 
It is important for the area of Bay of Bakar, because, 
measurements of emission in last ten years exist, as the 
measurement about degree of pollution before the Coke 
Plant was built, too. Data are in analog form and they are 
not convenient for manipulation by the computer. But if 
geographical information system should be established, 
and analog data converted into the digital form, lot of 
analyzes should be done, especially the comparison of the 
two stages of the area, before the Coke Plant existed, and 
during the period when coke industry was in function. 
3.2. Impact of the air pollution to inhabitants health 
It is founded out correlation between presence of certain 
niveau of particular pollutants concentration and impact on 
the people health. In pursuance of information from 
literature, effects of single pollutants at the human health 
are being examined by means of laboratory experiments 
under the persons ( examination of acute effect ), then 
examination at the level of professional exposure of the 
workers, then epidemiological studies. Epidemiological 
studies were made in real conditions of everyday life of 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B4. Vienna 1996