APPLICATION OF GIS AND REMOTE SENSING 
TO 
EXTRACTION OF LANDSLIDE AREAS 
Masaaki SHIKADA,Noboru MURAMATU,Takashi KUSAKA 
and Shintaro GOTO 
Kanazawa Institute of Technology 
Nonoichi-machi Ishikawa 921,JAPAN 
Tel: +81-762-94-6712 Fax:+81-762-94-6713 
E-mail shikada@manage.kanazawa-it.ac.jp 
Commission IV,Working Group 1V/1 
KEY WORDS: GIS,LADSLIDES, REMOTE SENSING ,WATERSHEAD, THEMATIC MAP 
ABSTRACT 
The objective of this study is to find areas where landslide may occur in the near future by using 
satellite remote sensing data and thematic-map data related to landslide areas with GIS (Geographic 
Information system) techniques. We considered that remote sensing data combine thematic map data 
with Geographical Information System (GIS) may greatly facilitate for assessment and estimation of 
regional landslide hazards. To get dangerous areas of landslides we introduced watershed based on 
elevation data. Because Geographic Survey Institute of Japan published DEM in the pilot areas at 1st 
July in 1995. 
We researched that the relationship among remote sensing data ,geological type inclination angle and 
shape factor F in each watershed areas at pilot areas. In pilot areas we got the interested results: (1) We 
can divide pilot areas into watershed areas by using GIS technique. (2) The virtual rivers were made 
automatically by GIS and then we confirmed it correspond with the true rivers. (3) GIS is able to 
extract small rivers where we did not confirm on the map. (4) As the proportion of landslide area 
increase band6 CCT data decreases. (5) When the proportion of landslide area was over 70 % the 
shape factor F increases sharply. We started the study only 2 sheets of 1/25000 scale maps. In this 
  
paper we extended the investigation areas to 6 sheets of 1/25000 scale maps. 
1. INTRODUCTION 
Remote Sensing has been used to clarify charac- 
teristics properties of ground surface by the ad- 
vantage of broad area observation and periodic- 
ity. We consider that the remote sensing data 
from space gives us useful advice on natural haz- 
ard. We have already been conducted the analy- 
sis using remote sensing data and thematic map 
data respectively. Estimation of landslide areas , 
however, has been considered very difficult be- 
cause the principal factor of landslide complexly 
relate with some phenomena. The objective of 
this study is to find areas where landslide may 
occur in the near future by using satellite remote 
sensing data and thematic-map data related to 
landslide areas with GIS (Geographic Informa- 
tion system) techniques. 
We considered that remote sensing data com- 
bine thematic map data with Geographical Infor- 
mation System (GIS) may greatly facilitate for 
assessment and estimation of regional landslide 
hazards. 
2. PILOT AREA 
In the Noto peninsula in Hokuriku district of Ja- 
pan where we have investigated, most of land- 
slide hazards occur near the stream in the valley. 
The area of the study site is about 600 km2 and 
altitude 1s lower than 600m. Figure 1 shows the 
areas of Hokuriku district of Japan. Dotted point 
in the Figure shows that the landslide occurred in 
the past. This area 1s well-known as landslide ar- 
eas in the Japan. Figure 2 shows the north district 
of Noto peninsula where we mainly conducted 
researches. The rectangular areas in the figure 
correspond to 1/25000 scale map about 10km 
wide to 10km long. 
3. THEMATIC MAPS AND 
SATELLITE DATA 
3.1 ELEVATION DATA 
Used data shows Table 1. Thematic maps are the 
monitored map of landslide area,geological map 
of Ishikawa prefecture and elevation data. In this 
786 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B4. Vienna 1996 
  
  
NCA MN, AQ  ''Uu max 
f p, Fl) mu me pumamd — jugum AN 9 Vl EUM apt aa