lane 1 
  
s, through the 
old plans, which 
e photos. So, the 
1ethod of “known 
| be determined: 
is intersection of 
rizontal directions 
y measuring the 
ot exist, as here, 
rizontal and one 
> defined on the 
g two software 
n in AutoLisp, in 
ole rectification is 
mat). This S/W 
eded for: 
point coordinates, 
d horizontal lines, 
re defined by the 
en 
| parameters, by 
known length, or 
itio between an 
(the formula is 
ed in plenty 
ird, 1982/ Novak, 
es of the facade 
ir plane and are 
  
Fig. 5 Rectified image of the upper part of plane 1 of the western side 
digitized on the screen, by using the rectification 
parameters 
- the off-line production of the drawing on the screen, 
by using the coordinates calculated above together 
with their code numbers. So, the vector plans of each 
plane of the facades are created. 
b. For the production of photomosaics and for the raster 
output of the rectified photos, the programme 
ARCHIS/V of Galileo Siscam, operating in Microsoft 
Windows (3.1 or later versions) environment was used. 
For the rectification there is a need of at least 10 Mb 
free space in the hard disk of the PC (at least 80386 
with 4 Mb RAM). This programme can rectify a 
scanned image by using either control points or bundle 
of horizontal and vertical line observations. In the 
second case, which was used for this project, the 
algorithm is basicaly the same as before. The only 
difference is that the whole procedure and the 
rectification is accomplished by using the raster image 
and not the vectors of the digitized lines. The result is 
the creation of a rectified image of each plane of the 
facade, where can be achieved off-line: 
- photomosaic production, by determining a unique 
scale in all images of the mosaic 
- output of the rectified image or the photomosaic, in 
inkjet plotter or raster printer 
- vectorization of the raster information by using 
graphic tools (lines) and codes on the rectified image, 
and output in dxf format for further processing in a 
special graphic S/W package, i.e. AutoCAD. 
The metric information used for the rectifications, such as 
length of horizontal distances and heigths of the facades, 
was derived: 
e the lenghts of the sides which consist the outline of the 
building, from the existing topographic diagram of the 
area of the building (at a scale of 1:100) 
e the window and door sizes and some other lenghts in 
the internal area of the rectification planes, from the 
two existing facade plans (at a scale 1:50) 
e the heights of characteristic points of the building, 
mainly on its outline, and some horizontal distances in 
the internal area of the rectification planes, from the 
analytical stereorestitution (X, Y, Z coordinates of 
points). 
On Fig. 2 the initial amateur picture of the western side of 
the building is given and on Fig. 3, 4 and 5 the rectifications 
(raster images) accomplished by the ARCHIS/V, of planes 
2, 3 and 1, as they are marked on Fig. 2. Also, on Fig. 6 a 
photograph of the southern side of the building is given and 
on Fig. 7 the results of the rectified planes 2,1 and 3 (as 
they are marked on the initial picture) on a photomosaic at 
a scale of 1:100 are shown (only the parts belonging to the 
upper store). 
The result of the rectifications in vector form was 
compared with the corresponding distances of the existing 
plans (the topographic diagram and the plans of the 
facades) and where necessary an adjustment was made. It 
was also compared with the internal dimensions of the 
building, that are shown on the existing three planimetric 
plans. In general, only a few deviations of 10-30 cm are 
found between distances photogrammetrically calculated 
and those derived from the old plans of the building, which 
allow the simple adjustment of all the data necessary for 
the creation of a uniform 3D model. After all, it must be 
mentioned that the existing old plans themselves, when 
compared with eachother (especially internal plans with 
facade plans or facade plans with the topographic 
diagram), had discrepancies of 5-15 cm at cetrain lenghts. 
19 
1996 International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B5. Vienna 1996