Impedency of 
Soil erosion 
medium 
slight 
forest 
buildings 
others 
Fig.4. Soil erosion potential map 
Data and location about waste material of 10 industrial 
and 12 municipal yards are also incorporated to basic 
geographic database. 
Very often separate set of information (for instance: 
landuse, geological, pollution etc.) is stored partly in 
spatial database and partly as a table in attribute 
database (Fig.2). In spatial database points, lines and 
surfaces with their identifiers are located but other 
information is put together in tables (relation) - in attribute 
database. 
7. EXAMPLES OF DATA PRE-PROCESSING, 
SELECTION AND GENERATION NEW INFORMATION 
USING GIS. 
An application software was compiled to expand the 
IDRISI system. Large spatial and attribute data sets, 
IDRISI, GRASS, ERDASS and other software packages 
were applied for various investigations and analysis 
concerning environmental monitoring. One of this 
investigation done by two members of our team: 
S.Mularz and W.Mierzwa concern soil degradation 
assessment polluted by the industrial dustfall. Using the 
above mentioned GIS software, data sets containing 
main pollutants, the genetic soils type, land use 
categories terrain topography, rainfall and atmospheric 
conditions an attempt was made to correlate the dustfall 
622 
data with the soil type and data agriculture use (Mularz, 
Mierzwa, 1993). 
Most dangerous pollutants accumulating in soils are 
heavy metals because through the crop cultivation they 
impend to the human and animals health. The correlation 
between dustfall and soil contamination of Cd and Pb 
was calculated using IDRISI modules INPERPOL and 
REGRESS. Then the three soil pollution by Cd and Pb 
zones were distinguished A - low, B - medium and C - 
high. Using modules DISTANCE and OVERLAY the 
buffer zones and soil contamination category were 
delineated. The result map is presented in on Fig.3. 
Another example presented by S.Mularz (Mularz, 1993) 
is a simple illustration of GIS possibility for monitoring 
purposes. Digital Elevation Model (DEM), soils data 
obtained from Cracow District , The Soil Argriculture Map’ 
- with 6 soil categories for (1 : 100 000 scale), land - use 
and land - cover, derived from the soil - agriculture map 
and from LANDSAT TM image supervised classification 
procedure, as well as rainfall data were used for 
investigation and assessment of soils erosion 
susceptibility. This data generated from various data 
sources (cartographic, satellite or airborne images and 
terrain survey), create multiple layers of raster data 
planes form database. The GIS database gives 
information on location spatial arrangement and spatial 
relationship of the attributes and parameters describing 
the soil features and some natural conditions. For 
calculation and GIS analysis including map digitizing 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXX, Part B7. Vienna 1996