Individualized Training Packages are particularly well adapted for operator/technician train-
ing but can easily be used for other professional levels. In particular, a training package for opera-
tors/technicians can be used to prepare trainees for entering higher courses or as basic elements
of higher education. Indeed, the training in practical skills required for an operator/technician to
carry out his daily work is also partly necessary for the engineers and others who will have to
superv isa his work.
PREPARATION AND IMPLEMENTATION
Preparation of an Individualized Training Package is the task of a specialized institute (such as
ITC). In the development phase, it must analyze systematically the occupational area selected,
define the necessary learning content to make the package universally applicable, and prepare
and produce all necessary learning materials, aids and equipment to enable the trainees to learn
the job. It is also its task to revise the content, material and structure to adapt the package to
specific needs and the state-of-the-art. This is done in cooperation and in regular contact with
mapping organizations and/or cther educational institutions. The development phase is described
below in more detail.
After a job or occupational area has been selected (e.g, photogrammetric map making at
operator level), this job is analyzed to identify its components, This phase includes the determi-
nation of job standards and specifications from which training standards and specifications can
be established. Furthermore, it also includes- through analysis of what is actually done-the identi-
fication of tasks, sub-tasks, variable factors, and knowledge and skills required in each sub- task.
The identified tasks are then grouped to form “modular units” which are a logical and accep-
table division of work showing a clear start and end of an activity which is not further subdivi
ded (e.g, relative orientation on analogue instruments). Depending on the "size" of the occupa-
tional area, modular units can be grouped into basic tasks ("fields of work'') which are clearly
defined branches ofthe job )e.g., graphical stersoplotting on analogue instruments; see Figure 1).
FIGURE | Overall structure of an individualized training pack age
