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grammetry) 
  
that took place in Split in 1955, in Novi Sad in 1969, in Struga 
in 1977, and in Budva in 1984, but also in the Proceedings from 
other congresses and conferences organised by the Association 
of Geodesists and Surveyors, in Geodetski list and in the 
Proceedings of the Military and Geographic Institute from 
Belgrade (VGI). Several authors wrote about the development 
of photogrammetry in Croatia in the Proceedings of the 
scientific conference /00 Years of Photogrammetry in Croatia 
(Kusan, 1998). 
2. TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY AND OFFICIAL 
TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS IN CROATIA 
In Croatia, the State Geodetic Administration (SGA) is 
competent for topographic survey to be used for the purpose of 
official cartography, and for the production of the Croatian 
Base Map, general and detailed state topographic maps, digital 
relief model and the establishment of topographic and carto- 
graphic databases. The topographic and cartographic databases 
will be the basis for the maintenance and production of state 
maps. 
The following items are produced on the basis of topographic 
survey: 
e Croatian Base Map at the scale of 1:5000 or 1:10 000 
e state topographic maps at the scale of 1:25000 to 
1:300 000 (according to some authors, the topographic 
maps at the scale of 1:300 000 are included into the group 
of general maps) 
e general state topographic maps at the scale of 1:500 000 
and at smaller scales. 
On the basis of official maps it is also possible to produce 
official thematic maps at adequate scales. 
SGA makes decision regarding the manner of producing the 
detailed and general topographic maps. The Book of Ordinances 
on the Manner of Topographic Survey and the Production of 
State Maps has been published (Baci¢, 2001). 
The topographic maps made for the Ministry of Defence of the 
Republic of Croatia are made by competent bodies of the 
Ministry of Defence, or by the institutions authorized by the 
Ministry of Defence to perform such jobs following special 
regulations. 
After becoming independent, the Republic of Croatia was 
without the basic equipment, as well as without reproduction 
originals or printed maps that it invested a lot of funds in until 
then. Realising the necessity to introduce changes in the entire 
geodetic and spatial system of Croatia, SGA initiated the 
project Reconstruction and Reprogramming of Geodetic Spatial 
System of the Republic of Croatia with Technological 
Supplementation of its Information System (in new condition of 
independent, sovereign state that is trying to enter European 
systems) — GEOPS. The project is meant to solve problems of 
establishing, maintaining and developing geodetic and spatial 
system of Croatia following the model of Western European 
countries. There are some other projects to be mentioned like 
the Study of the Constitution of the Official T. opographic and 
Cartographic Information System of the Republic of Croatia 
(Kovaéevié, 1992), Official Topographic and Cartographic 
Information System, Conceptual project (Kovadevié, 1995), 
Cartography in Croatia, Study About Replacement of 
163 
Reproduction Originals and About Updating of Topographic 
Maps (DGU, 1995), Draft of State Survey Program and Real- 
Estate Cadastre for the Period Between 2001-2005 (DGU, 
2000), Model of Topographic Data CROTIS, Designations and 
Names of Individual State Topographic Map Sheets and Their 
Division into Sheets, and Croatian and Norwegian Geoinfor- 
mation Project CRONO GIP. 
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Figure 2. Part of the Croatian Base Map (HOK) 
2.1 Croatian Base Map at the scale of 1:5000 
Following the model used by its neighbours, Croatia started 
producing topographic maps at the scale of 1:5000 in the sixties 
of the 20th century, at first by combining aerial photogram- 
metric methods and detailed levelling, and later using 
exclusively the method of aerial photogrammetry. So far (July 
2003), this map has covered about 87% of the territory of 
Croatia. It should be mentioned that updating of already made 
maps has been neglected. The original sheets of the maps are 
made on drawing foils, and the contents are divided into three 
layers, for three-colour printing: the brown colour presents the 
shape of the relief, the blue colour presents the water bodies 
and the black colour the rest of the situation, internal and