y area. The 
| each have 
ze rules are 
areas expert 
accuracy 
ids a good 
n units and 
s of the land 
rules. When 
ysis will not 
wledge at 
wledge may 
y of a single 
crimination. 
r, the extra 
can improve 
icitly, at the 
sted in case 
aggregation 
nple in hilly 
monitoring 
ee crops do 
ood spatial 
also spatial 
| function of 
racy of the 
Vn: 
assuming 
e, does not 
lassification 
> study area. 
topographic 
combination 
‘M does not 
n accuracy. 
f the DEM, 
in the study 
ledge based 
tion to land 
nt of 18% in 
lassification 
 knowledge- 
efining land 
h rules are 
ent of these 
| from lower 
he thematic 
REFERENCES 
Colby, J.D., 1991. Topographic normalisation in rugged 
terrain. In: Photogrammetric engineering and remote 
sensing, vol. 57 No 5. pp 531- 537. 
Fresco, L.O. and Guiking F.C.T.,1998. Agriculture in the 
lower Guadalhorce valley. In: Introduction to the field 
training project 'sustainable land use' in Alora - Spain, 
Wageningen Agricultural University, pp 5.1-5.22. 
Hutchinson, C.F., 1982. Techniques for combining 
Landsat and Ancillary data for digital classification 
improvement. In: Photogrammetric engineering and 
remote sensing, vol. 48 No 1. pp 123 - 130. 
Janssen, L.L.F. and Middelkoop, H., 1990. Knowledge - 
based crop classification of a Landsat Thematic Mapper 
image. In: International journal of remote sensing, vol. 13 
No 15. pp 2827 - 2837 
Kontoes, C., Wilkinson, G.G., Burraill, A., Goffredo, S. 
and Megier, J., 1993. An experimental system for the 
integration of GIS data in knowledge - based image 
analysis for remote sensing of agriculture. In: 
International journal of remote sensing, vol. 7 No 3. pp 
247 - 262. 
Liyana Arachchi, A. 1997. Use of DEM, landscape and soil 
data to enhance land cover classification accuracy of 
remote sensing data (Alora, Spain), MSc Thesis GIS for 
rural applications, Wageningen Agricultural University. 
Molenaar, M. 1998. An introduction into the theory of 
topologic and hierarchical object modelling in Geo - 
Information Systems. Taylor and Francis, UK, 200pp. 
Richards, J.A., 1993. Remote sensing digital image 
analysis, an introduction. Springer verlag, Berlin. 
Schuiling,R.C., 1995. Enhancement of Remote sensing 
land cover/use classification by using Geographical 
information system data. A case study of Alora, Spain. 
MSc-thesis — Soil&Water Wageningen ^ Agricultural 
University. 
Wielemaker, W.G., Bruin de, S., Epema, G.F., Eweg, 
H.P.A and Stuiver, H.J., 1996. Rule-based prediction of 
soils and soil determinants from a landscape and climatic 
context in the Guadalhorce basin in southern Spain. In: 
Chacon,J. and C. Irigaray (eds.), 1996. 6th Spanish 
congress and international conference on environmental 
Geology and land use planning, 22-25 April, 1996, 
Granada, Spain. vol. 3 p 539. 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 
The authors like to thank Amara Liyana Arachchi for doing 
à large part of the work, Henk Schok for aid in performing 
image processing and John Stuiver for GIS support. 
Intemational Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXII, Part 7, Budapest, 1998 
349