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Analysis of revealed contours of ecological content 
and examination of cause-consequence connections of 
environmental changes under technogenic factors is 
carried out based on Database and Knowledge base 
by means laying on and comparison of compiled 
schemes with geological, landscape and other data. 
Before starting of interpretation process the legend 
project based on Knowledge base and analysis of 
ecological situation is developed for schematic 
ecological maps. The map of environment state shows 
natural and technogenic objects. The map of 
environment dynamics shows changes of environment 
components in space and in time under influence of 
technogenic factors is compiled on the basis of 
remotely sensed data, acguired by different years 
surveys. The scheme of pollution sources and zones of 
its impacts includes technogenic objects and trends of 
pollution migration: aerial (taking into account wide- 
rose, waterway-lake and riversnet. Aerial thermal- 
infrared survey is more effective for revelation and 
outlining of polluted area with waste water from 
nuclear power plants. The erosion net scheme are 
putted on all waterways, including ravines. The 
lineament scheme are compiled best of all using radar 
images and as the result of this scheme analysis, 
fracture zones and large lineament, which may be 
zones of underground water unloading and gases 
penetration, are revealed. The technogenic load 
scheme includes all technogenic objects (industrial, 
agricultural, transport, mining production and 
others). The zoning scheme of areas with different 
degree of technogenic load are compiled on the basis 
of this scheme with the special reference to 
predominant type of influence (industrial, mining 
production, agricultural, transport, forestry, water 
managing). The schemes of radiactive pollution are 
compiled on the basis of aerial gamma-survey. These 
schemes are most important for regions wasted as the 
result of accident on Chernobil NPS, industrial 
nuclear explosions, including explosions for mineral 
resources prospecting, as well as place of burial 
radioactive waste. As the result of erosion net scheme 
processing the sites with maximum erosion impact are 
compared with  lithological/stratigraphical units 
(especially with type and thickness of Quaternary 
deposits). Processed lineament schemes allow to reveal 
zones and sites with high fractured which are 
important factor for development of exogenic 
processes on the areas of mineral deposits 
exploitation. For estimation of environment changes 
in space and in time several schemes of its state with 
interval 3-15 years (in connection with exogenic 
processes intensivity and degree of technogenic load) 
are compiled. On the basis of summation and analysis 
of information containing on above mentioned maps 
the areas under ecological danger may be revealed and 
recommendation to improve ecological situation may 
be made. If it is necessary calculation of qualitative 
characteristics such as summary area occupied by 
natural and technogenic objects as well as polluted 
areas as a percent or absolute meanings may be made. 
3. RESULTS 
Ongoing research aimed at evaluation of ecological 
state of environment was carried out at one of the 
Leningradian province region which is characteried 
with complete ecological situation. GIS Geo Graph 
and Geo Draw software was used for this task 
solution that allows to create separated vector layers 
with geological - landscape and geographical- 
economic information and raster layers with 
multispecktral satellite images acquired by KFA-1000. 
Interactive interpretation of satellite images was done 
by using geological and landscape data.The results of 
this research are the maps of ecological state and 
dynamics of environment at medium scale as well 
maps over separated regions with completed 
ecological situation at as large scale. 
Below listed changes of environment which were 
revealed by this research : 
- stopping of peat exploitation stipulated of swampy 
process at the territory of work; 
- decreasing of eruption into air space and overflows 
into rivers and lakes from large mining and other 
industrial enterprises and reduction of geochimical 
load on environment as a result; 
- extention of areas occupied by exploitation of 
building materials; 
- development of transport ways including highways; 
- reduction of goverment agricultural areas caused 
decreasing of chemical fertilizers wash-out into rivers 
and lakes but extention of areas occupied by private 
owners. 
Investigation of exogenic geological processes and 
usage of geochimical data allowed to evaluate the 
ecological situation and propose recommendations on 
organization of environmental monitoring for regions 
under study. 
Similary geoecological investigations with compilation 
of maps at the different scales were carried out in 
several regions of Russia with intensive technogenic 
load such as the Kola peninsular, the Karelia and the 
West Siberia. 
Application of GIS allows to solve the following tasks 
of geologo-ecological mapping: : 
- study of natural and technogenic complexes; 
- revelation of the pollution sources and technogenic 
influence on the environment and appraisal of their 
character and zone of influence; 
- estimation of contemporary state and dynamics of 
environment, revelation and prediction of its changes 
trends in space and in time at regional and local 
levels; 
- revelation of areas under ecological dangers; 
- information security of areas ecological monitoring; 
- background of recommendations to rational using 
and protection of environment; 
- simulation of ecosystems and prediction of 
unfavorable natural phenomena caused by human 
activity; 
- conduction of ecological evaluation planning and 
location of industrial and agricultural enterprises. 
Intemational Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXII, Part 7, Budapest, 1998 125