i 
radar 
Mer 
:'eedings 
jon 
aassive 
f 
of the 
380,757 
eriment 
oject 
airborne 
rcraft 
e 
4 MR 
MS 
40 4 SR 
® ] 8 ew 7 
S 4 
- FR 
7 FS 
-28-] 
oy (8 45?) 
& 
  
BEAUFORT SEA 
030603, 030803 
MARCH 13-16,1978 
-30*C 
  
  
  
  
$ - GREY 
GW — GREY-WHITE 
FS -— FIRST- YEAR SMOOTH 
FR -— FIRST-YEAR ROUGH 
$$ - SECOND-YEAR 
SMOOTH 
SR SECDND- YEAR 
ROUGH 
ME — MULTI-YEAR SMOOTH 
MR ~~ MULTI-YEAR ROUGH 
  
  
  
   
ci PHOTDGRAPH. 
AC 
GE JUNE 28,1980 
C-GRSC FLIGHT LINE 2 [040702 HEADING - W 
ALTITUDE 
UDE - 16 
a 
   
  
  
Rod fine 
Dero ridge 
TSURFACE ~ -2°C 
FIST YEAR KF 
  
HE POLARIZER 
pcr SCATTEROMETER 
à i 
  
  
  
d ae ee e AM 
M-POLARGED 
HB 49H ROME TER 
  
sw i 
eir i ICE ISLAND Tz 
1 FS 8 SR LT-YEAR iC) 
pm 0 MULTIYEAR ICE 
nus 85 MR 
M: i 
$^ Cou 
© 8.8 20i 
d | 
E^ 7 i 
w 
4 390 
4 E 2, - 
| | | e 
82 rrr pari TT TT} Suo 
i 
E -38 E E $ d asas 
o io43 304 GM 
o ie) (dB) 
Simultaneous Active/Passive Feature 
Distributions under Cold Winter Conditions. 
The oriented ellipses In this figure 
represent unit standard deviation contours for 
0 9 pn and 0° pp In the upper section 
and for 0° y and emissivity (at 19.6 GHz) 
In the lower section. The open ellipses are 
for rough ice subclasses and solid ellipses 
are for smooth subclasses. The combination of 
active and passive measurements shown in the 
lower figure clearly enhance class separation. 
m 20 30 
FLIGHY TIME (i) om 
  
Microwave Profiles in Melting Conditions. 
At the top of the figure, is a large MY 
floe on the LHS, adjacent a region of 
rotting FY ice on the RHS. The profiling 
radiometer and scatterometer traces shown 
below the photograph show no significant 
change with ice class and demonstrates a 
distinct departure from the behaviour 
implied from Figure 1. 
SEASONAL VARIATION OF Ku - BAND RADAR CROSS SECTION 
  
  
  
  
BEAUFORT SEA BEAUFORT SEA BEAUFORT SEA 
WINTER CONDITIONS 20r SUMMER CONDITIONS 20 FALL CONDITIONS 
MARCH I6, 1979 JUNE 30,1980 OCTOBER 17,1980 
x x 
10} 
m) 
i me \ A 3 ~ MULTI-YEAR 8 
m = ~ E 
2 se Sv MULTI-YEAR $ 8 a SECOND 
BS bi, m -I0+ ^ 
8 M 2 ann = > GAEY-WHITE 
4 "So. FIRST-YEAR S .zol- VIT YEAR 8 "* LiGHT-NILAS 
5 2 ë 
¥ 1 
* -sor -30 S. 
NN CALM WATER > CALM WATER | x CALM WATER 
-40| -40- 
A enh J 
1. J ———Ó—— — —oÀÀ. = e » 
jor 20° 30° 40° 80° 0° : 0 0° 20° 30° 40° 60° wo o 10° 20° 30 hyo so 60 
Incidence Angle (0) Incidence Angle (©) inaidsnce: Ay 
Figure 3 
Seasonal Variation of Backscatter Cross Section. 
  
  
  
The three sections of this diagram demonstrate CCRS results over three seasonal conditions. 
Although some uncertainty exists In the absolute levels shown due to errors in antenna pattern, 
contrasts are unaffected as Is the Interseasonal change. The middle section shows how old ice 
radar properties have moved to approach FY in the summer, but again approach mid-winter values in 
the October data shown on the RHS. 
797 
nns ee ra SEES