| results from 
tion) were used 
tographs from the 
et Mars. The 
lerived from lunar 
tions describe 
ments were 
al., 1973). 
itudes from +86° 
le entire Martian 
raft orbital 
|! points were 
ately after an 
' received at the 
ia, and Cebreros, 
| and have an 
used as control 
975). The 
ts observed from 
, the elevation 
difference of 
nly -0.13 km, and 
ger than 2km (WU, 
, zero in the 
arse and 
ultraviolet 
ition and 
th, et al., 
e number of 
ed from these 
an be interpreted 
re are almost 
along 39 
vering the planet 
solution is about 
meter (IRR). The 
infer the martian 
e for a vertical 
on through the 
about 1km (Herr 
The infrared 
jan surface 
temperature map 
m and Schurmeier, 
he infrared 
g the planet Mars 
the martian 
, variations in 
ographic relief 
  
  
  
  
o = 
| SOUTH 
  
Fig. 1. GLOBAL TOPOGRAPHIC MAP OF MARS DERIVED BY SYNTHESIS OF TOPOGRAPHIC 
INFORMATION FROM MARINER 9 AND EARTH-BASED RADAR DATA. (The map 
was oringinally compiled at a scale of 1:25,000,000 with a contour 
interval of 1km. Superimposed, in parentheses, are elevation 
differences derived by comparing 69 elevations of occultation 
measurements of the Viking extended mission). 
on the martian surface. The resolution of radar observations can be as small 
as 8 km and the relative precision of height measurements, which is simply a 
direct translation from precision of time measurements, ranges from 75m to 
200m. The absolute accuracy of heights involves errors from both the ephemeris 
and the assumed figure of the planet. 
More than 15,000 radar data points on Mars topography observed from 
Goldstone, California and Haystack, Massachusetts, were used together with 
various sensor data from Mariner 9 for the compilation of the Mars global 
map. About 2,700 points were observed from Haystack Observatory (Pettengill, 
et al., 1969, Pettengill and Shapiro, 1973) and more than 13,000 point from 
Goldstone Observatory (Downs, et al., 1973, Downs, et al., 1975). These radar 
: data cover the martian surface approximately from 25? north latitude to 22° 
south. The location of the radar paths are shown in Wu's Paper (1975). 
27