164 INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF EDUCATION. 
But now see the shape which this assumes for us college and university 
men. During the period of primary education, this molding of ideas and 
character, this shaping and directing of life, may largely be accomplished 
by the agencies of home and of Church. But in proportion as the youth 
advances to manhood, and not only learns to think for himself, but insists 
on thinking for himself, the result must largely, even chiefly, depend on 
the agencies which train him to think, which supply him with most of 
what he thinks about, which with almost irresistible, all-pervading influ- 
ance, gives shape and color and direction to his thinking; and these 
agencies are, unquestionably, chiefly comprised in his college, his univer- 
sity. Nay, more, he who goes forth as the alumnus of a college or uni- 
versity of note must naturally be expected to be a man of more than 
srdinary influence in the community. Of him we must ask what Glad- 
stone asks about our country : What will be the manner of his influence on 
his fellow-men ? And we must likewise answer : That depends on the 
kind of a man his university has made him. And thus we are led, by step 
after step of inexorable logic, to the conclusion which so intimately con- 
serns us, that the shaping of our civilization must very largely depend on 
our colleges and universities ; that the character of that shaping must 
depend on the character of the philosophy which prevails in them ; that 
20 philosophy can rightly mold humanity, save the philosophy of the 
Christian religion ; and that, therefore, the sound development of our 
sivilization must largely depend on the reign and influence of the Chris- 
sian religion—from which that philosophy is inseparable—in our colleges 
and universities. 
How to bring this into practical shape and working may often be ren- 
dered difficult by local circumstances. But there is a great advance toward 
the solution of the momentous problem if these truths themselves are 
slearly and strongly grasped. We must aim at forming skilful pro- 
Jucers ; we must aim at forming worthy and loyal citizens ; but above all 
this, and as the means and condition for all this, we must aim at forming 
the truest type of men ; and the only efficient way for the attainment of 
this, the only way which, after all the experience of history, we ought to 
think it worth our while to try, is the way which God has taught the 
world throuch Jesus Christ. 
— 
CLOSING ADDRESS. 
BY PRESIDENT JAMES B. ANGELL, OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. 
The committe, in communicating the invitation with which they 
honored me, to occupy a few moments here to-day, intimated their desire 
that whatever should be spoken should have more or less dircet connec- 
tion with the question of patriotism ; and it has seemed to me, especially 
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