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SUBJECTS PRESENTED IN PRELIMINARY PROGRAMME. 7 
100d, which determine the special educa- 
ive value of hand-work in the kindergar- 
en. 
Thesis : (1) To what extent is the use of 
ymbolism justifiable in the kindergarten ? 
2) Is there any validity to the claim often 
irged that the child under seven years of 
ge is to be distinguished in psychological 
tevelopment from the child of more than 
even years of age, through his greater 
lependence upon symbolic modes of in- 
truction ? Is the distinction a valid one, 
retween symbolic and conventional stud- 
es, conventional studies being understood 
0 mean reading, writing, written arith- 
netic, and appliances useful in intercom- 
nunication but not emblematic or sym- 
lic of a second and higher meaning ? 
Thesis : What should be the character 
f the stories told in the kindergarten, and 
0 what extent should stories be told ? 
SCHOOL SUPERVISION. 
Thesis: Teachers’ examinations, certifi- 
ates, and licenses. What scholastic 
mnowledge should be required from teach- 
rs before being permitted to enter on a 
arm of probationary service—In English ? 
n languages other than English? In 
atural science ? In physics and chem- 
stry 7 In mathematics ? In art ? Dis- 
ussion. 
Thesis : How to improve the work of 
soor teachers. Discussion. 
Thesis : How 1o interest a corps of 
eachers in the study of psychology and 
ts application to the work of the school- 
oom. Discussion. } 
Thesis : University participation = for 
eachers. Discussion. 
Thesis : Appointment and tenure of of- 
ice of superintendents. Discussion. 
Thesis : Who shall appoint teachers, and 
»n whose nomination ? Discussion. 
Thesis : At what point in the course 
f study should departmental or special 
eachers be employed in elementary 
‘chools ? Discussion. 
Thesis: Should the law require the at- 
endance of all pupils in school between 
he ages of eight and fourteen ? Discussion. 
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF 
TEACHERS. 
General topic of discussion: Schools of 
ractice or “model” schools connected 
vith the schools for the professional train- 
ng of teachers. 
Thesis : (1) The kind and degree of prep- 
ration required before coming fo the school 
+f practice. (2) The time in the course of 
reparation when the practice should be 
aken. (8) The value and extent of ob- 
servation work in the model school. (4) 
oe made to include courtesy and social 
stiquette 7 What school exercises are the 
best to promote education for citizenship ? 
in what ways can the studies of the common 
school, such as history and literature, be 
made to develop the sentiment of patriot- 
sm ? What special work should be under- 
:aken in the elementary school to prepare 
‘he pupils for the duties of citizenship ? 
viscussion. 
KINDERGARTEN INSTRUCTION. 
General topic of the first session : The 
asssential characteristics of the kindergarten 
as distinguished from the primary school, 
and the practical adjustment of the former 
to the latter. 
1. Thesis : (1) The essential character- 
istics of a kindergarten. (2) Its gifts and 
occupations. (3) Should the kindergarten 
attempt to teach reading or writing ? (4) 
Should the plays and games which Froebel 
invented, be modified ? Should substitu- 
lions be made for any of them, or others be 
added ? (5) What is the place and value 
of the song in the kindergarten, and the 
degree of dramatic element which should 
accompany the song ? 
Thesis : (1) The organic union of kin- 
Jergarten and primary school. (2) What 
modifications in the primary school are 
necessary or desirable in order to adapt it 
to continue the work of. the kindergarten 
ind reap the advantages of the training 
already received ? (3) What are the essen- 
ial differences in discipline and instruction 
‘hat should characterize the primary school 
and distinguish it from the kindergarten ? 
Thesis : (1) Preparation of the kinder- 
gartner for her work. (2) Should all kin- 
dergarten teachers be required to pass 
3xamination in secondary studies, includ- 
ing such as algebra, geometry, modern or 
ancient languages, general history, natural 
science, psychology, and English literature 
or the literature of the native country ? 
(8) What training in Froebel’s philosophy 
should be prescribed in a professional 
course of training for the kindergartner ? 
(4) What work in the gifts and occupa- 
tions, the plays and games, theoretically 
and practically, should be required for the 
graduate from a kindergarten training 
school ? 
Thesis : (1) Educative value of hand- 
work in the kindergarten. (2) Cautions to 
oe observed as to the limits of certain 
of the occupations, such, for example, as 
pricking paper, and other work that is 
liable to strain the eyes if too long con- 
tinued. (3) The Froebel system of draw- 
ing, in contrast to free-hand drawing. 
4) The characteristic mental and physical 
conditions of the first seven vears of child-