Technical Schools. 
169 
In addition to the ,higher* schools of mechanical engineering, 
and partly connected with them, there are also ordinary Schools of 
Mechanical Engineering. They serve the purpose of providing 
the necessary professional knowledge, especially practice in drawing, 
for future lower-class technical officials ot the machinery industry, 
such as foremen, machinists, and managers of smaller works, and also 
for the proprietors of such works. The course generally lasts two 
gears, in Cologne only a year and a half. There are also in- 
stitutions with a course of two semesters, which supply extended in- 
struction for workers in the machinery industry. 
The Schools for the Metallurgy, with a course of four 
semesters, in Duisburg (formerly in Bochum) and Gleiwitz, are joined 
to schools of mechanical engineering, and provide training for the 
lower officials connected with the metal industry. 
To the lowest class of the two kinds of schools just mentioned, 
and to that of the institutions with a course of two semesters, only 
those are admitted who can prove that they have passed through a 
good elementary school and through at least a four years’ practice in 
a workshop or in the metal industry. Besides attendance at a con- 
tinuation school, previous to entrance into the institution, is desirable. 
Similar conditions are required for admission to the Evening 
Schools and Sunday Schools for engine builders, locksmiths, 
slacksmiths, and workers in the metal industry. 
In the higher and lower schools of mechanical engineering 
inal examinations are held by a committee of examination, formed in 
aach institution under the presidency of a government commissioner. 
Special professional schools for the brass, iron and steel hard- 
ware industry are found in Iserlohn, Remscheid, Siegen and Schmal- 
walden. In addition to the theoretical, they also impart practical, in- 
struction in workshops for their pupils. The yearly fees in these 
professional schools amount to 60 M.; non-Prussian Germans pay 160 M,, 
‘oreigners 300 M. The table on page 170 gives further particulars 
as to these schools and those of mechanical engineering. 
Outside Prussia, and in addition to the above mentioned in- 
stitutions with lower divisions, there are four schools of mechanical 
engineering in Bavaria (among them a higher one in Wiirzburg), one 
in Saxony (in Chemnitz, under the Industrial Academy), and one each 
.n Oldenburg and Brunswick. 
3. Building-trade Schools. The object of these schools is 
. the training of masons, carpenters. and other artisans connected