sade), 
with 
hwounst 
iefinit, 
ositiv, 
istantly 
sceding 
1e con- 
1e; sir, 
ords as 
an pro- 
eserv, 
vel or 
bred, 
ether; 
learly 
than 
ation: 
T pro- 
singl 
mind, 
aeezd, 
cand 
sd for 
a1dicate 
pro- 
nant, 
dorst, 
yunst, 
raked, 
oped. 
SIMPLER SPELING RULES 
59 
gh pronounst f. Spel f; drop silent letr of preceding digraf; e.g. cof, 
draft, enuf, laf, ruf, tuf 
gh pronounst like g in gas. Drop silent kh; e.g. agast, gastly, gerkin, 
gost, goul 
gm final. Drop silent g; e.g. apothem, diafram, flem, paradim 
gue final after a consonant, a short vowel, or a digraf representing a long 
vowel or a difthong. Drop silent ue; e.g. catalog, dialog, harang, 
leag, sinagog; but not rog for rogue, vag for vague, etc. Tongue 
spel tung 
final pronounst as if speld ize. Spel ize; e.g. advertize, advize, 
apologize, enterprize, franchize, merchandize, rize, surprize, wize 
mb final after a short vowel. Drop silent b; e.g. bom, crum, dum, lam, 
lim, thum; but not com for comb, tom for tomb, ete. 
ou before 1, pronounst like 0 in bold. Drop silent u, except in soul; 
e.g. bolder, mold, sholder 
ough final. Spel o, u, ock or up, when pronounst as if so speld; e.g. 
altho, boro, donut, furlo, tho, thoro; thru; hock; hiccup. Spel plow 
our final, with ou pronounst as a short (obscure) vowel. Drop u; e.g. 
color, favor, honor, labor 
ph pronounst f. Spel f; e.g. alfabet, emfasis, fantom, fonograf, fotograf, 
sulfur, telefone, telegraf 
re final after any consonant except ¢. Spel er; e.g. center, fiber, meter, 
theater; but not lucer for lucre, mediocer for mediocre, etc. 
th initial. Drop silent h; e.g. retoric, reumatism, rithm, rom (rhomb), 
rubarb 
sc initial pronounst as if speld s. Drop silent ¢; e.g. senery, sented, 
septer, simitar, sissors; but scatter, sconce etc. 
u sient before a vowel medial. Drop uj; e.g. bild, condit, garantee, 
gard, ges, gide, gild 
y between consonants. Spel i; e.g. analisis, fisic, gipsy, silvan, sithe, 
tipe 
{We uze y for sound in by and so retain y in syth, typ etc.] 
S S B 18 rules 
1 When ed final is pronounst t, write it simply t, where chanje wil not 
sugjest incorrect pronunciation, as askt, fixt, wisht etc. ; reducing a preced- 
ing dubl consonant to a singl consonant, as blest, kist, dipt, dropt, stept 
ete.; and chanjing -ced to -st, as advanst, pronounst, rejoist etc. ; but avoid 
misleading forms like bak? for baked, deduct or dedust for deduced etc. 
2 Chanje ph to f when so sounded, as alfabet, fonograf, fotograf, sulfur, 
telefone, telegraf etc.