TABLE 4
Landsat Thematic Mapper Bands and Transformations Used in
Statistical Analysis
.ysis
ldex^
.on
5
c
5X
5
;er
:er
Lte involved
copper,
usually
netals pre-
the latter
plant for
Band
Band
Band
Band
Band
Band
1 (TM1)
2 (TM2)
3 (TM3)
4 (TM4)
5 (TM5)
7 (TM7)
Landsat
TM Band
Band
4 - Band 1
(BD1 )
Band Difference
Band
4 - Band 2
(BD2)
Band
4 - Band 3
(BD3)
Band
4 - Band 5
(BD5)
Band
4 - Band 7
(BD7)
Band
4/Band 1
(R41 )
Simple Band Ratio
Band
4/Band 2
(R42)
Band
4/Band 3
(R43)
Band
4/Band 5
(R45)
Band
4/Band 7
( R47 )
Band
2/Band 3
(R23)
Band
3/Band 1
(R31 )
Band
5/Band 7
(R57)
Normalised Difference
1
(TMB) Brightness Index
1
(TMG) Greenness Index
1
(TMW) Wetness Index
First Principal Component (PC1)
Second Principal Component (PC2)
Third Principal Component (PC3)
Source: 1. Crist (1983)
(Band
4
- Band
1)/(Band
4
+
Band
1)
(ND1 )
(Band
4
- Band
2)/(Band
4
+
Band
2)
(ND2 )
(Band
4
- Band
3)/(Band
4
+
Band
3)
(ND3)
(Band
4
- Band
5)/(Band
4
+
Band
5)
(ND5)
(Band
4
- Band
7)/(Band
4
+
Band
7)
(ND7)
0.3037(TM1)
+0.5585(TM4)
-0.2848(TM1)
+0.7243(TM4)
+ 0.2793(TM2)
+ 0.5082(TM5)
- 0.2435(TM2)
+ 0.0840(TM5)
+ 0.4743(TM3)
+0.1863(TM7)
- 0.5436(TM3)
- 0.1800(TM7)
0.1509(TM1) + 0.1973(TM2) +0.3279(TM3)
+0.3406(TM4) - 0.7112(TM5) - 0.4572(TM7)
;rous refer-
containing
sad, and
sf these
Eor zinc
al. , 1965;
correlation
ic content
and needle
with the
ito the
ports the
the spruce
ited manner
in the tree
ihanisms,
id copper is
ns operating
and copper
le most part,
t system. As
i the trees
from the
affects that
n a tree's
3 , if not
netals may
oolism in
ny of the
s and trans-
formations to discriminate changes in the
spectral response of the spruce tree canopy
associated with increasing levels of copper,
lead, and zinc in the underlying soil and
their much weaker capacity to do so with
respect to needle metal content further
supports the premiss that the primary cen
tre of heavy metal toxicity in the spruce
trees resides in their root systems and not
in their foliar parts.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: This work was supported
by a joint grant from the Austrian Ministry
of Science and Research and the Scientific
Research Office of the government of Styria.
REFERENCES
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Banninger, C., 1985a. Geobotanical Remote
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