303 
Table 1. Summary of vibrational features according 
to Siegal et al. (1980). 
Constituents modes bands in p.m 
h 2 o 
0H' 
oxides 
carbonates 
phosphates 
sulphates 
gypsum 
silicates 
symmetric stretch 3.106 
asymmetric stretch 2.903 
H-O-H bend 6.08 
stretching fundamental 2.77 
Al- or Mg- OH bend 2.2 or 2.3 
Al- OH bend 11 
fundamental 5 
7, 11-12 
9.25, 10.3 
9, 10.2 
overtones and combina 
tion of OH stretching 
in molecular water 1.75, 2.3 
fundamental bending mode 
of constitutional water 6 
Si-0 bending around 5 
Si-0 stretching 10 
H-O-Al bending 11 
Si-O-Si, Al-O-Si 
stretches 12-15 
Table 2. Main infrared absorption bands of humic 
acids after Flaig et al. (1975). 
modes 
bands in pm 
C-H 
C-H, c-h 2 , c-h 3 
carboxylate ion 
C=0 
C=C 
NO 
C=C 
C-H deformation 
salts of carboxylic acids 
C-0 
3.25-3.30 
3.39-3.50 
3.50-4.00 
5.80- 6.10 
6.10-6.31 
6.50 
6.60 
6.80- 7.05 
7.20-7.50 
7.80- 8.80 
The data presented in Fig. 2 on the atmospheric 
absorption, and those on spectral features of soil 
and mineral constituents (Fig. 3 and tables 1 and 
2), together with the well known spectral features 
of vegetation, guided the choice of the MARCS 
bands. With regard to vegetation, one additional 
band (nr. 4) is introduced for detection of 
physiological damage. The information which may be 
obtained from the selected channels is given in 
table 3. 
Table 3. Information potential of the MARCS bands. 
MARCS band in pm Information potential 
1. 
0. 
,31-0. 
40 
2. 
0. 
O 
1 
in 
'd- 
52 
3. 
0. 
,53-0. 
58 
4. 
0. 
,58-0. 
63 
5. 
0. 
,63-0. 
68 
6. 
0. 
.75-0. 
85 
7. 
0, 
.84-0. 
90 
8. 
1. 
.00-1. 
10* 
9. 
1, 
.60-1. 
68 
10. 
1, 
.72-1. 
78 
11. 
2, 
.10-2. 
25* 
12. 
2, 
.32-2. 
38 
13. 
3. 
,40-4. 
10 
14. 
4, 
,50-5. 
20* 
15. 
9. 
.00-10 
'.00* 
16. 
8. 
.00-13 
1.00* 
Fe**, Fe** * 
Fe**, Fe***, blue absorption by 
plants 
green reflectance of plants 
physiological damage of plants 
red absorption by plants, red 
reflectance of soils 
NIR reflectance of plants 
Fe***, NIR reflectance of plants 
NIR reflectance of plants 
reference for plant and soil 
reflectance 
OH in gypsum 
OH, A1-0H, MgOH 
C0 3 ", OH in gypsum 
C-H, c-h 2 , C-H 3 
oxides, Si-0 
phosphates, sulphates, Si-0 
A1-0H, carbonates, H-O-Al 
* indications on plant and soil moisture 
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