Full text: Proceedings of the Symposium on Progress in Data Processing and Analysis

334 
and information systems, for which an important part of the work is executed on 
the monitor with the displayed map information. However, a line map is very 
abstract and can lead to errors, especially if the map information is incomplete 
and not updated. The incorporation of aerial or even terrestrial photographs dis 
played together with the line map might be very helpful. 
Intergraph and Siemens (Sicad) have already developed such information sys 
tems with the possibility of image underlaying, in which the aerial photographs 
are shown on the monitor. By using orthophotos, it is possible to create a geo 
metric reference which can also be used for the data updating in the information 
system. Of course, this image underlaying requires the digitalization of the aerial 
photographs. 
6 . Complex digital mapping systems 
It can be deduced from these various aspects that digital image processing will 
considerably change the whole mapping process based on aerial photographs. 
But in a similar way to the analytical plotter, which not only took over the func 
tionality of an analog plotter but also induced new possibilities, digital mapping 
will also open new perspectives. However, the result should no longer consist in 
one unique standard instrument, but rather in a series of components which can 
be combined to make up a system. Such a system could be composed of the follow 
ing elements : 
scanner for the transformation of a photogrammetric analog image into digi 
tal form 
image memory of several gygabites for the storage of image information, most 
probably in connection with optical discs 
image composer, image processor with monitor for grey-tone adaptation and 
the assembly of images as well as for the mounting of letterings 
parallel processor for the automatic derivation of a digital terrain model and 
the elaboration of orthophotos or landscape models, but also for tasks like 
automatic aerial triangulation 
geographic information system with underlayed aerial photographs 
(monoplotter) 
stereoscopic measuring instrument (digital or analytical) with image injection 
for the verification of the results of the automatic plotting and for visual 
restitution 
electrostatic plotter for the production of half-tone images and line maps 
photographic image recorder for the reproduction of high-quality printing 
masks 
This list may be incomplete, but it shows that the stereoscopic plotter will no 
longer play the central role it still assumes today. Numerous processes, such as 
for instance image matching, might be done completely automatically, without 
supervision. For computations, efficient processors - most probably parallel pro 
cessors - will be required, such as the Transputer array, currently developed at 
the Institute of Photogrammetry for image correlation. Such processors could 
also be used for other computer-intensive operations like the management of a 
database for geographic information systems.
	        
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