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CIPA 2003 XIX th International Symposium, 30 September - 04 October, 2003, Antalya, Turkey 
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It was a good opportunity, that in 1993 the National Technical 
University of Athens and the University of Athens joined forces 
to confront this task, having at the same time the full support of 
the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate. The fieldwork was extended 
to seven consecutive monthly campaigns from 1993 to 1999. 
Every year a team of surveyors, architects, photographers and 
archaeologists worked in harmony for the collection of the field 
data. 
THE GEOMETRIC DOCUMENTATION OF THE 
CHURCH OF THE HOLY SEPULCHRE 
2.1 Description of the Monument 
The Church of the Anastassis in Jerusalem comprises within its 
walls the main large Greek Orthodox church, the Katholikon, 
the Holy Rock of Golgotha, the Tomb of Christ and the place 
where the Holy Cross was discovered. Adjacent to these main 
places of worship and pilgrimage are numerous little chapels, 
monk cells, store rooms, corridors and staircases, extending to 
approximately 12000 sq. metres in plan area and to about 35 
metres of height difference. The main building complex has 
common borders with the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate, the 
Syrian Patriarchate, the Roman Catholic Monastery, the 
Ethiopian Monastery and a series of little stores (Figure 2). 
also because of the unnecessary accuracy required for the larger 
scale. 
2.3 Personnel & Instrumentation 
This work has been an excellent example of interdisciplinary 
collaboration. Even the initiative was the inspiration of an 
Architect and a Surveyor. The team, who have been working in 
situ for seven consecutive years for one month, comprised four 
Surveying Engineers, two photogrammetrists, two 
photographers, two architects and an archaeologist. All of them 
worked in harmony in order to complete the difficult task. 
For the necessary data collection the most technologically 
advanced instrumentation was used. For the survey 
measurements a Leica T1610 electronic theodolite equipped 
with the reflectorless DIOR 3002S EDM was used. This 
instrument ensures the accurate measurement of distances 
without the need for a reflector, thus enabling the pointing and 
determination of remotely situated points in the vast Church 
complex. For the photogrammetric takings two metric terrestrial 
cameras were employed. A Wild P31 (10x12.5 cm 2 , with a 45 
mm lens) and a Zeiss (Jena) UMK 1318/100 were mainly used 
with black and white cut film of 125 or 400 ASA sensitivity. 
However, in a lot of cases the 6x6 amateur Hasselblad camera 
was employed, in order to confront situations, where the other 
two were unable to. 
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Figure 2: The Church of the Anastassis, Jerusalem 
2.2 Drawings to be compiled 
The determination of the final drawings to be produced by this 
effort was not decided until after the third campaign. This was 
due to the fact that understanding such a complicated 
monument and grasping its details need some time of 
familiarization. Finally, the production of a total of 25 main 
drawings was decided. They included horizontal and vertical 
sections through the main parts of the monument. Initially a 
scale of 1:20 was considered. However, later the scale of 1:50 
was preferred, because of the size of the resulting drawings, but 
Premarking of control points was decided in most cases, as this 
ensured high accuracy. It should be noted that all care was 
taken not to harm the monument in any case. 
The instrumentation was completed with two PC’s, which were 
installed at a nearby office, and were used for downloading the 
field data and performing initial calculations, in order to ensure 
data integrity before leaving Jerusalem. Moreover all necessary 
parnaphernalia were also used to set up a fully fumctional 
darkroom for making sure that all photographs have been taken 
correctly. 
2.4 Data Collection 
The field work was executed for one month each year for seven 
consecutive years. The data collected during those 210 days 
comprised: 
• Establishment and measurement of 150 theodolite 
stations 
• Determination of 23000 geodetically measured 
points, including control points, section points, detail 
points etc. 
• 1500 metric and 500 non-metric images for 
photogrammetric processing 
• 2000 photographs taken for documentation purposes 
All collected data were suitably archived on site. Especially for 
the measured points a special codification was devised, in order 
to enable the own developed calculation software to distinguish 
the various kinds of points. 
Each point was codified with a six digit number, the fields of 
which had a special meaning: 
B C 
D E F