CIPA 2003 XIX"' International Symposium, 30 September - 04 October, 2003, Antalya, Turkey 
Figure 4a, 4b. Damages of the ceiling in Room Z03 
them. The debris of the roof parapet, cornice and brick masonry 
wall is collected on and underneath the east facade balcony. 
The corners of the roof parapet are cracked and split as much as 
30cm. The exterior and interior walls of the building bear 
cracks of various shapes in 0-7cm range whereas some lean as 
much as 10cm from the vertical. 
The timber plaster lathing on the ceilings has partially decayed 
in time; the lack of repair and maintenance and the parts 
collapsed because of the earthquake have increased the rate of 
deterioration due to exposure to rainwater, as a result of which 
the original decoration has been partially destroyed. The roof 
waters have reached the intermediate floor level as well, 
causing the swelling of the timber cladding and the loss of 
decorated plaster on the ground storey ceilings below. The 
synthetic-based paints used in the latest repair have also caused 
flaking and loss of the ceiling decoration in large pieces. 
decay of various timber elements as well. 
The tuff blocks used for the facade claddings are pitted, flaking 
and deteriorating as a result of the effects of climatic conditions 
and air pollution. The use of artificial stone panels instead of 
natural ones in the recent interventions and plaster repairs with 
Portland cement mixtures on the faces of the less severely 
damaged natural stone panels have not only destroyed the 
visual esthetical uniformity of the facades but have also caused 
further deterioration due to the effects of dampness and water 
soluble salts. 
4. SURVEY AND DOCUMENTATION 
The study was initiated with a set of 1:50 scaled survey 
drawings of the building, which have been prepared following 
the earthquake. These drawings, would have been acceptable 
for the purposes of documentation, however they were 
inadequate for the restoration of a building so intricately 
decorated and so severely damaged. In order to determine the 
documentation of the types, levels of damage and their causes 
was crucial. As a result of these considerations, various high- 
tech and traditional methods of survey had to be used together 
for a proper assessment of the damage. These were classified 
and analysed in terms of material deterioration, structural 
deformation and causes were sought. The types, characteristics, 
uses and hierarchy of materials were determined, and the 
original and repair materials were separately evaluated. 
Figure 5a,5b,5c,5d. Damage documentation drawings.