CIPA 2003 XIX 11 ' International Symposium, 30 September - 04 October, 2003, Antalya, Turkey 
where a wonderful wooden ceiling can be appreciated (see 
figure 2 right); and the Cambra (Chamber) on the second floor. 
Figure 2. Left: oblique perspective of the Salón Columnario 
ceiling; Right: detail of the Salón del Consulado del 
Mar ceiling 
2.2 Use of la Lonja 
Although la Lonja was originally built to be the centre of the 
city trade, along its history it was used for many different 
purposes. 
On various occasions, the Salon Columnario was used as an 
occasional wheat warehouse when cereals ran short. For 
military reasons, the building was converted in 1707 into 
quarters, and the Patio de los Naranjos into a cook-room for the 
troops. It also became a provisional hospital during the cholera 
plague in the XIX century. 
Since 1934, the institution Consulado de la Lonja, succeeding 
the very old institution Consolat del Mar that was the centre of 
the Valencia maritime trade, has been reviving the Lonja de los 
Mercaderes gathering traders and industrials. The session takes 
place on Fridays. Furthermore, all kind of stamps and coins are 
traded and exchanged on Sundays. 
3. FIELDWORK 
3.1 Instrumentation 
The photographic recording was carried out with the digital 
camera CANON EOS D60. It has a resolution of 6,3 
megapixels. The objective used was the Sigma AF 15-30mm 
F3.5-4.5 EX DG with a principal distance varying from 15 to 
30 mm. 
For the measurement of control points, a Leica laser theodolite 
was used. 
3.2 The 3x3 photogrammetric rules 
The so-called ‘3x3 rules’ have been described for simple 
photogrammetric documentation of architecture in those cases 
where non-metric cameras are used. These are structured in 
three triplets of rules (Herbig et al, 1997): 
- Three geometrical rules, where the preparation of 
control information, the photographic coverage and 
stereo-partners are considered 
- Three photographic rules regarding to the inner 
camera geometry, illumination and camera format 
- Three organisational rules consisting in making 
proper sketches, protocols and final check 
These rules were considered in our work but, additionally: 
- The camera was selected according to a high 
geometric resolution, high stability, image quality and 
handling. 
- A proper camera objective was selected according to 
its high lens resolution, low lens distortion and samll 
principal distance. 
- Photographs were labelled according to a specific 
numeric system (see section 6.1) 
- An interactive digital catalogue was made in order to 
visualise comfortably all the data (see section 6.3) 
3.3 “In-field” work 
3.3.1 Photograph collection 
Photographs were taken with a side overlap of more than 70% 
for stereo-partners. Oblique photographs were also taken from 
various points of view in such a way that every part of the 
building is at least three times imaged (usually four or more). 
(b) 
Figure 3. Photographs taken from the third floor of the opposite 
building: (a) upper-side normal image; (b) middle- 
side oblique image. 
For the exterior facades, distant to the object could not be kept 
constant due to some narrow streets surrounding the building. 
In those cases, photographs were taken from the ground floor in 
the street and also from a first, second or even third floor of the 
surrounding buildings (when possible, figure 3a) in order to 
avoid too forced perspectives (figure 3b). 
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