CIP A 2003 XIX th International Symposium, 30 September - 04 October, 2003, Antalya, Turkey
2.3. Decisions:
After the evaluations stated above, the buildings are
classified according to the values they possess and in the first
step 29 buildings are proposed for registration, in the second
step 24 buildings are proposed for registration wheras in the
third 11 buildings are proposed. Apart from the traditional
buildings 11 neo-classical buildings are to be registered.
The new buildings in the area have been evaluated
according to their heights, facade characteristics and building
lot uses. Those which are higher than two storeys, those
which use more than 67% of their building lot and those
which have a façade organization other than the common
typology are considered as a problem. The decision for the
ones which have a problem in height or lot usage is
demolishing whereas for the others façade revision is
proposed.
Three different types of interventions are proposed
for the improvement of the material and structural condition
of the buildings. A) the buildings which will be repaired
structurally and their materials will be renewed B) the
buildings whose roof, floor and drainage problems will be
solved C) buildings which only have problems related to their
finishing materials. 39 buildings exist in type A, 49 buildings
exist in type B and 62 buildings exist in type C. The rest are
in good condition and only need monitoring.
4 zones are defined for the urban conservation
project. In the 1 st project area, in addition to the dwelling
functions, pensions, restaurants, cafes are proposed. 2 nd
project area contains dwelling and commercial functions
whereas the 3 rd project area contains social functions such as
cooking school and pension departing from the existing
closed - open space relationship. In the 4 th project area, the
demolishing of the 6 storey tax office which destroys the
historical tissue is decided and an open area with a public
square and a parking area is proposed.
To take new decisions about the area and the
implementation, a new organization model is proposed
regarding the existing legal and administrative structure as
well as the different kinds of NGOs. This model contains a
foundation which combines the existing local public and civil
organizations within its body. In general for Antakya and in
particular for the Zenginler Quarter, these organizations are
the Municipality, the Governership, the Association of
Architects, the Catholic Church Foundation and the Orthodox
Church Foundation. This proposed foundation should
supervise interventions related to the physical structure and
find financial support. It should also be responsible of
creating a conciousness for the public and encouraging
interactive support.
3. NECESSITIES FOR URBAN CONSERVATION:
As can be seen from the study above, the most
common problem in the urban sites where a conservation
plan had been developed is the change of users in those areas.
This change transforms the historical tissues into deserted
areas. As in the Antakya case even when a part of the users
are the landowners those low-income people can not afford a
repair or maintenance. Single attempts are incapable of
providing the functioning of these areas which continously
lose prestige. Thus; even when the produced conservation
plans have the potential to solve the physical problems of the
region they can not be executed.
So; the produced plans can not be implemented before the
legal and organisational problems that had been defined
previously are solved. Therefore, it is obligatory to
restructure KB and local administrations as the primary step
to the conservation of cultural heritage and especially urban
sites. Parallel to this, the responsibility of carrying out
conservation projects should be shared by the municipalities
and local administrations as much as KB. Conservation
should be within the job definition of municipalities and local
administrations. As the restructuring of the state is recently
being discussed, the definition of the terms and necessities
related to conservation is not only the problem of the
academic media but also of everybody who is involved in
implementation. The necessities related to the restructuring of
KB have been mentioned in another article and here only the
facts related to municipalities and local administrations are
focused on (Çahin, Güçhan N., 2003; Çahin, Güçhan et. al.
2001).
It is not possible to execute KIPs within the existing
structure of the municipalities, which is in favour of opening
new development areas. KIP is a total with its social,
economic and physical aspects. The implementation of KIP
should be seen as a dynamic process and defined accordingly.
This means changing the construction logic of the
municipalities.
An interactive, adaptable “Planning /
Implementation Process” should be defined for the local
administration and municipalities. The parameters,
which will provide such a process, can be listed as:
Conservation - Planning Units: Planning and
conservation need specialization thus the municipalities
should form active units with definite responsibilities and
capabilities. Those units should be able to see the whole
process including the characteristics of the historical
buildings and tissue, the problems and the production of
conservation plans and their implementation beyond their
current technical service.
Defmiton of a Conservation Policy / Principle:
Municipalities should define the natural and cultural heritage
within their administrative boundaries and form their
“Conservation Policies and Principles”. The policy of an
elected administration who tries to protect the local
characteristics of a settlement should be interactive and
sustainable.
Documentation - Production / Management of
Information: Municipalities should have an archive which
includes documents and information of all types.
Municipalités should document everything which is
important for their settlement and each local value.
KIP / The Production of Conservation -
Restoration Projects: Both in an environmental scale and
architectural scale, the production of conservation /
restoration projects need specialization. Municipalities should
create financial sources for such studies. The municipalities
who have powerful Conservation - Planning Units can
produce some of these projects on their own.
Organisational/Administrative Model: Departing
from the fact that KIP needs social and economic planning, it
is necessary to form an organizational and administrative
model which will produce projects and implement those as
well as monitoring (Fielden, B., Jokilehto, J., 1993). Each
phase can be solved with different models; however those
processes are continous and they should be concieved as a
whole. Sustainability is also very important.
Production / Management of Financial
Resources: The legal framework which will provide the
municipalities the opportunity to find national / international
financial resources and use them for conservation purposes
should be formed. The tools which enable the municipalities
to create new / social housing should be used for historical
houses, too.
Preventive Maintenance / Repair: Continous
monitoring and preventive repair and maintenance are
