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6 PROJECT UNIGRACE (UNIFICATION OF 
GRAGITY SYSTEMS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN 
EUROPE) 
A new project on Unification of the Gravity Systems in 
Central and Eastern Europe was lately launched by the CE1 
Section C. The Project will provide benefits for (1) geodesy 
for the definition of a unique height system and for the 
determination of the geoid in Europe as well as for sea level 
variation studies, (2) metrology to transfer to Central and 
Eastern Europe the gravity standard for precise determination 
of weight and related instrumentation and to improve the 
testing methods and the level of agreement between 
laboratories, (3) geophysics for the definition of a unique 
European reference for geophysical investigations. The project 
consists in establishing the absolute gravity traverses from the 
Baltic Sea to Adriatic and the Black Sea. Ten absolute gravity 
intraplate and seven tide gauge stations will be measured in 
12 countries: Austria (Graz), Bulgaria (Sofia, Burgas), Croatia 
(Zagreb, Dubrovnik), Czech Republic (Pecny), Finland 
(Metsahovi), Germany (Wettzell, Rostock), Hungary (Penc), 
Italy (Trieste), Poland (Jozefoslaw, Wladyslawowo), Romania 
(Gilau, Constanta), Slovakia (Modra Pesky), Slovenia 
(Bogensperk). As intraplate stations mainly permanent GPS 
stations were chosen, as tide gauge points the stations with 
long series of sea level observations. Twelve countries 
participate in the Project, two non-CEI countries (Finland and 
Germany). The gravity observations will be made by five 
absolute meters from Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy/France 
and Poland. The meters will be compared at the stations in 
Sevres, Wettzell and in Jozefoslaw. First observation campaign 
was organised in 1998, the second one is planned for 2000. The 
realisation of the Project was also accepted by European Union 
(programme INCO COPERNICUS).The First UNIGRACE 
Working Conference was held in Frankfurt a. Main (Germany) 
on 2-3 February 1998. All organisational and logistic problems 
were discussed and the time schedule of actions was accepted. 
The Second UNIGRACE Working Conference was organised 
in February 1999 in Warsaw (IG&GA WUT). Another 
gravimetric workshop was organised by Bundesamt fur 
Kartographie und Geodasie, Frankfurt/Main in Fulda on 11-12 
October 1999 with the aim to discuss the results achieved by all 
absolute gravimeters during the 1998 campaign. The results of 
observations of all gravimeters made at the stations of 
Sevres/Paris, Jozefoslaw/Poland and Wettzell/Germany were 
compared. The Third UNIGRACE Working Conference will be 
organised by Bulgaria in Sofia in April 2000. The last working 
conference concluding the realisation of the Project will be held 
in fall 2000 in Trieste/Italy. 
7. PROJECT UNIHIP (UNIFIED NATIONAL HIGH 
PRECISION GPS NETWORKS IN CENTRAL 
EUROPE) 
This is a new project proposal initiated lately by Hungary; it 
consists in an international cooperation among the operators 
of the precise GPS geodynamic national networks of Austria, 
Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. 
The national geodynamic networks in these countries, such as 
AGREF in Austria, GEODYN in the Czech Republic, HGRN 
in Hungary, SAGET and EXTENDED SAGET in Poland and 
SLOVGERENET in Slovakia were developed in the early 90- 
ties. The international coordination indicated in the project 
will involve synchronised GPS observations, unified 
databases structure, standardisation of formats and processing 
techniques, quality assessment and quality assurance. The 
product of the project will be a virtual large scale research 
infrastructure in Central Europe which will attract scientists 
and students from many disciplines, such as geophysics, 
geodesy, earthquake research, large scale industrial 
development projects etc. The initiative is coordinated by I. 
Fejes, Hungary. 
8. WORKING GROUP ON UNIVERSITY EDUCATION 
STANDARDS 
The Section C Working Group on University Education 
Standards is chaired by Profs. Kazimierz Czarnecki/Poland 
and Florian Vodopivec/Slovenia. This group organised 
successfully three international GPS meetings: in 1996 an 
"International Symposium on Education in GPS Application 
to Geodesy and GIS" and in 1997 a symposium "International 
Symposium on DGPS in Engineering and Cadastral 
Measurements Education and Practice", both organised by F. 
Vodopivec in Ljubljana/Slovenia. Next action of this group, 
a Summer Seminar "Education in GPS Application to 
Geodesy and GIS/LIS", was organised in June 1998 Grybow, 
Poland (organiser: K. Czarnecki). Participants from Austria, 
Germany, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia attended 
the Seminar. It was recommended that in the next years the 
training on GPS techniques and applications for the 
international student groups would be organised in Grybow, 
Poland. The participants from all 16 CEI countries are invited 
to attend the training meetings. First international seminar will 
be organised in 2000. 
9. CEI SECTION C WORKING GROUP ON 
SATELLITE NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 
In view of a great development of navigation systems (various 
geodetic real time and postprocessing positioning techniques, 
DGPS, DGLONASS etc.) in many CEI countries the Section 
C has decided to establish a new Section Working Group on 
Satellite Navigation Systems. The Chairman of this Working 
Group was elected Prof. Dr. Stanislaw Oszczak (Poland), the 
Co-Chairman - Prof. Dr. Giorgio Manzoni (Italy). First 
working meeting of this international group was held in Nice 
(France) in April 1998 on the occasion of the EGS General 
Assembly and the EGS Symposium "Geodetic and 
Geodynamic Achievements of the CEI (Central European 
Initiative)". Next meeting organised by this Working Group 
was held in Trieste, Italy on 9 March 1999, jointly with the 
Workshop on „DGPS and GLONASS techniques and 
application on safety (transport safety, rescue services, 
landslide monitoring etc.) in CEI area” (organiser: G. 
Manzoni). The Workshop was attended also by the 
representatives of the European Commission Brussels Office 
and Directorate of the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite 
Systems). Further activities of this Working Group, and in 
particular actions initiated by Prof. G. Manzoni are also worth 
mentioning, e.g. a new project proposal “No border DGPS in 
view of Galileo” presented at the CEI Economy Forum held 
in Prague in November 1999; also this session devoted to 
DGPS and GLONASS procedures in the CEI area is 
organised by Prof. Manzoni. 
10. COOPERATION BETWEEN CEI SECTION C 
"GEODESY" AND EGS (EUROPEAN 
GEOPHYSICAL SOCIETY) SECTION 2 
"GEODESY"