Traditional and Modern Methods of Surveying Architectural Heritage: ... the Fortified Island of Malta 
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Other examples about the use of orthophotos for the architectural survey of complex elements of the fortifications are presented in 
(Baratin et al., 2000). 
Figure 7: Steps of a test carried out on a sample object in Floriana using a digital photogrammetric system: 
(a) inner and outer procedure orientations; (b) façade restitution realised in stereoscopic view 
inserting 3D lines and polylines; (c) Digital Surface Model; (d) digital orthophoto 
A last example refers to Palazzo Vilhena in Mdina, commissioned by Grandmaster Manoel de Vilhena around 1730, and figured 
prominently in figure 3. The structural stability of this palace, together with the abutting fortifications, is jeopardised by a subsidence 
in the foundations. For this reason, a detailed topographic and photogrammetric survey of this complex is currently underway. 
Movement of the foundations is also being monitored (see next paragraph), with the aim of collecting sufficient information to ensure 
an effective consolidation of the structure, and subsequent restoration of the palace. 
The figure 8 shows two samples coming from the photogrammetric training activity carried out on this building. 
as ... 
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Figure 8: Examples of integration of direct surveying systems and photogrammetric restitution for two façades of the second internal 
courtyard of Palazzo Vilhena; this product derives from the training activity.