ISPRS, Vol.34, Part 2W2, “Dynamic and Multi-Dimensional GIS", Bangkok, May 23-25, 2001 
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listed as below. 
• Management and application of the large amount of 
geo-spatial data and the spatial databases in LMIS; 
• Design and implementation of Web-based LMISs on 
Intranet/Internet for provincial and local governments 
in China. 
• Research of the methods of the update, application, 
integration and distrbution of geospatial data in LMIS. 
• Study of the criteria, classification and coding, 
metadata and management of data/information in 
LMIS. 
We solve these problems by use of spatial DBMS such as 
Oracle 8i, Informix, Web GIS and Intranet/Internet technologies. 
In addition, the institutional and systematic peculiarities of land 
management in China should also be deeply studied. 
As mentioned above, LMISs in China have four levels. They 
are national, provincial, city and county level LMIS. Up to date 
there are no national even provincial LMISs developed in China, 
although they have been put into the agenda. Considering from 
the investment, technologies and time frame, it is very difficult to 
build a complete LMIS suitable for land management at national 
or provincial level at present. It is more reasonable and 
appropriate, instead, to develop LMIS at local/regional (city 
and/or county) level and then progress to provincial level. And if 
carefully organized, a provincial-level LMIS could be the basis 
for a national LMIS plan and implementation. Several years ago 
we did a project trying to develop a cadastral management and 
land registration information system, named CMLRIS, which 
was implemented and widely applied to the bureaus of land 
management of counties and cities in Yunnan and other 
provinces in China. At present we are upgrading this system to 
a true LMIS to county and city level. The outlines of the LMIS we 
designed and are implementing can be shown in Figurel and 
Figure 2. 
Figure 1: The LMIS at state level