TEXTURE ANALYSIS IN INFORMATION EXTRACT IN THE HIGH RESOLUTION RS 
IMAGES 
LU Shuqiang 
Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China 
lvshuqiang@bucea.edu.cn 
Key Word: Texture analysis, High-resolution RS image, Segmentation, Gray level co-occurrence matrix 
ABSTRACT: 
Higher spatial resolution remote sensing (RS) images bring us more information and higher accuracy for our applications. At the 
same time, it also brings new challenges in high resolution image processing. In order to increase the segmentation accuracy, a 
texture feature based algorithm is proposed in this paper. This algorithm extracts five texture features from the original image. Two 
different original images are chosen to exam the algorithm. Finally, the segmentation result is given. And from the results it can been 
seen that this algorithm is effective for high spatial resolution RS images. 
1. INTRODUCTION 
As the rapid development of the remote sensing (RS) 
technology, the spatial resolution of acquired images has 
reached 0.6m or higher level. It brings us more information and 
higher accuracy for our applications. In addition to rich spectral 
information, the structural, figure and textural features appear 
more obvious in high resolution image(LIU, 2003). 
As the result of prevailing of high resolution RS image, it is 
easier to extract useful information artificially not only for 
expert, but also for other person. However, it become more 
difficult to realize automatic image processing for computer. 
The reason is that most traditional methods focused only on 
spectral information in RS images. The structural, figure and 
textural information are hardly used in image processing. In 
order to increase the accuracy and speed of image processing, it 
is necessary to integrate other useful information in image 
processing. In the field of high spatial resolution RS image 
segmentation and classification, the structural and textural 
features are commonly used. 
Many texture analysis methods have been proposed in various 
filed. Texture analysis methods could be classified as statistic 
method, geometry method, model-based method and signal 
process method. In the last decades, different texture analysis 
methods have been applied to high spatial resolution RS image 
processing. A RS image segmentation algorithm based on 
simplified random field model was proposed in (Ming, 2004). 
Texture analysis method based on wavelet transform has been 
applied to high spatial resolution RS image 
Classification(HUANG, 2006). A new texture method has been 
proposed and applied to residential area half-automatic 
extraction from high spatial resolution RS image(Su, 2004). 
The key problem focused on how to extract useful information 
efficiently from high resolution images. 
displacement d, direction 0, and original gray level i, 
P(i,j I d,9) re p resen t s the probability of gray level j 
appearance. 
Many texture features can be defined according to gray level 
co-occurrence matrix. Fourteen texture features have been 
defined by Haralick. In this paper, five of them are chosen to 
use in image segmentation. They are listed as the follows. 
(1) Energy 
/“EEtfovi) 
(2) Entropy 
A=~ZI 1 p Ai,№gPAU) 
(3) Contrast 
f,=YL^-n lp A‘<j) 
! j 
(4) Homogeneity 
f = W_^M_ 
4 4-ri Hi-Jf 
(5) Covariance 
fs=Yull P d ( f . Jf 0' ~ /A )U ~ M y ) 
‘ j 
where 
p(iJ) = P(Uj I d,V) + P(iJ | ¿/,45°) + PjiJ | d,9(f) + P(iJ @135) 
4 
Px and are the means of P d( x ) and Pd 0 ; ) respectively. 
P d {x)^P{x,j) 
2. CO-OCCURRENCE MATRICES 3. SEGMENTATION ALGORITHM 
Gray level co-occurrence matrices suggested by Haralick have Before the segmentation, it should be supposed that the size of 
become one of the most well-known and widely used texture any connected textur e area in RS images must be large than 
features. Texture could be seen as the spatial distribution and 
correlation between gray levels of image in this method. Given 
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