Pl-5-6 
Figure 5: Regional Migration Pattern (Source: IDE, Tokyo & CU, Bangkok) 
Figure 7: Forest Area Loss with Time and Region 
Figure 6: Wage Rate with Time and Region (Source: TU, Bangkok) 
The land use change pattern between 1980 and 1990 
showed the overall decline in the forest area and 
increment in the agricultural land. However, the rate 
of deforestation varies from province to province. 
The northeastern provinces observed fastest rate of 
deforestation followed by the northern provinces. 
South, west and central provinces observed, almost, 
not any deforestation, while there was few in eastern 
provinces. (Table 1 and Figure 7). 
Table 1: Land use Change Pattern of Thailand (Year 1980-90) 
Region 
Land Use 
change (%) 
Total area 
(sq.km.) 
Urban 
builtup 
Agricu 
lture land 
Forest 
land 
Water 
body 
Miscella 
neous 
Central 
0.02 
0.35 
-0.05 
0.00 
-0.24 
20388 
East 
0.02 
1.27 
-0.95 
0.00 
-0.34 
37738 
West 
0.01 
0.55 
-0.29 
-0.01 
-0.26 
46095 
North 
0.05 
4.06 
-6.07 
-0.10 
2.14 
172150 
Northeast 
0.02 
7.75 
-4.34 
-0.14 
-3.25 
167448 
South 
0.02 
2.69 
-0.45 
-0.02 
-2.21 
71747 
Thailand 
0.14 
16.67 
-12.14 
-0.27 
-4.16 
515566 
Source:Land use map 1990 (TEI & DLD,Bangkok) & 1980 (IIS,Tokyo) 
While comparing the Fig. 5 and 6, the incentive of 
the higher wage rate can be seen. The positive flow 
of migration from the lower wage rated provinces 
towards the higher wage rated provinces is clearly 
seen. The positive trend of deforestation is 
transferred into the negative trend of migration. This 
is seen from the Figure 7 and 5. 
6 CONCLUSION 
At present, only small amount of data has been 
analyzed, which shows the encouraging result about 
the conceptual framework of the research. It gives the 
indication that the underlying cause of migration lies 
with the two-sector philosophy, that is 
socioeconomic status and the natural resource 
endowment and their degradation. Balance and 
sustainable growth among the region or rural and 
urban sector is required to check the migration. The 
area of policy intervention, to avert the migration, 
should be identified for specific location. With this 
specific objective in mind, present study is designed 
to develop a model by correlating the natural 
resource environment and socioeconomic factors, of 
the particular area, with the help of advance tools like 
economic model, remote sensing and GIS. 
7 FUTURE STUDIES 
This research is on going at present. After extraction 
of the current land use map from NOAA data, the 
estimation of the soil fertility from the soil erosion 
will be the main work ahead. Formulation of model 
for the rural wage estimation will be done and rural 
wage will be extracted to validate the Todaro model. 
Several time series and cross section statistical 
analysis will be done for the extension of the model. 
REFERENCES 
[Bhagawati and Srinivasan, 1974] Bhagawati, J.N. 
and T.N. Srinivasan, 1974, On Reanalyzing the 
Harris-Todaro Model: Policy Ranking in the Case of 
Sector-Specific Sticky Wages, The American 
Economic Review, Vol. LXIV, No.l, pp502-508.