In: Wagner W., Szdkely, B. (eds.): ISPRS TC VII Symposium - 100 Years ISPRS, Vienna, Austria, July 5-7, 2010, IAPRS, Vol. XXXVIII, Part 7B 
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2-2 Land Shape maps: To assess the parameters forming the 
land shape (height classes, slope classes and five main 
geographic directions) and to prepare the necessary maps, four 
sheets of topographic maps at the scale of 1:50000 of year 1997 
were used. Finally, the land shape maps were obtained by 
overlaying the map layers of height, slope and geographic 
direction. 
2-3 Biological Resources 
2-3-1 Plants: The extinction rates of plants in the study area 
were measured after careful frequent ground checking at 
different phonological stages of plant growth by collecting 
vegetation samples. 
2-3-2 Animals: The information about the animals in the study 
area was collected by the wildlife habitat experts. To prepare 
the wildlife scattering map, the animal species index was 
determined. Then, habitat location was registered by GPS 
device and spatial data was transferred to GIS environment. 
The vector map of wildlife habitat was obtained through the 
hybrid interpretation of remotely sensed images. 
2-3-3 Land shape: Since the land shape is a qualitative factor, 
remotely sensed images and a topographic map of 1:50000 
associated with the field data were used to identify the scenery 
of Kusalan area. 
2-4 Socio-economical studies 
Conventional boundary map was prepared via hybrid 
interpretation of SPOT5 images and ground surveys with local 
people. 
2-4-1 Evaluating the Bioenvironmental Potentials: The 
following processes are used in all methods of evaluating the 
bioenvironmental potentials: 
1- Ecologic resources identification 
2- Socio-economic data collection 
3- Ecologic data collection and analysis 
4- Evaluating the ecological potential for each unit, then 
comparing them with the ecological properties of each unit in 
the model 
5- Zoning 
6- Providing the land use potentials in terms of the global 
criteria 
3- Results 
The results of bioenvironmental resource identification 
(ecologic and socio-economic resources) are as follows: 
3-1 Ecologic resource 
3-1-1 Physical resources: Results of studying the physical 
resources show: 
3-1-2 Climate: The Combination of climatic conditions in 
Marivan and Paveh stations, and the average of climatic 
parameters show the cold wet climate of Kusalan area. 
3-1-4 Land shape: According the obtained results, there are 
many mountains and elevations with crest or round tops in the 
comice or precipices shapes. The walls of valleys often have a 
steep or moderate slope, ending to bottom-line of brooklets. 
Direction of brooklets is mainly observed in linear form having 
a low width and a V shape profile view. The studies on 
topographic factors demonstrated the mountainous high altitude 
topography of Kusalaa Based on table 1 and map2, height 
variation range is 1800m and the main height classes are 1200- 
1800m in 40% of the study area. 27% of the area is covered 
with 2000-2500m classes which are suitable for protection 
according to evaluation models. Table 1 shows the percentage 
and area of each slope class. Distribution of classes is 
heterogeneous and the permanent predominant slope class is 
30-60%. The slope above 60% covers 1/3 of the study area. 
Based on the results of this study, the area for the classes is 
north orientation (28/8%), west orientation (25/6%), east 
orientation (25/1%), and south orientation (20/2%). Due to the 
uniformity of area distribution of the main orientations, the 
summer and winter time is proper for wildlife, so, animals 
won't migrate to the neighbor habitats. Land shape was 
determined by resultant of 3 physiographic factors of slope, 
height, orientation. As the result, 509 small ecosystems are 
obtained from Kusalan big ecosystem. 
Tablel: heic 
ht classes 
Area 
<%) 
Area (ha) 
Height 
from sea 
level(m) 
Height 
class 
17.4 
4474.98 
800-1200 
1 
40.6 
10457.55 
1200- 
1800 
2 
14 
3652.2 
1800- 
2000 
3 
26.9 
6927.93 
2000- 
2500 
4 
1 
251.73 
Over 
2500 
5 
iZ 
3-1-3 Hydrology: There are abundant steep slope brooklets 
and springs in Kusalan habitat which all of them ends to Sirvan 
River. The main springs of Kusalan include: Hooseian, Lar, 
Odele, Hevar, Hevar Heye Shour. 
3-2 Biological resources 
3-2-1 Plants: 224 plant species were identified using field data 
and through a process of plant collection and identification in