The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B4. Beijing 2008
99
Based on the geographic information acquisition and the
processing system, the spatial database or the integrated
geographic information service system can be constructed.
Through the data acquisition, collection and integration, and
establishment and renewal of navigation electronic map, some
services system such as Location Based Services (LBS),
intelligence transportation system (ITS) could be built to
provide the value-added service for some specialized industries.
From the technical angle, the digital city is the result of
integrating multi-disciplinary science and technology. It
depends on the digitized surveying and mapping system, the
realization of a geographic spatial information system and the
renewal, intellectualized processing and the integrated
management, the network distribution and service.
Phases
Contents
Analog
Digitizati
on
Informatiza
tion
Knowledgem
ent
Ubiquity
Data
Type
Simulatio
n Data
Geograp
hie Data
Spatial
Data
Grid Data
Eco-Data
Focus
Ontology
Data
Informatio
n
Knowledge
Integrating of
Data,
Information
and
Knowledge
Product
Model
Hand
made
DEM/D
OM/
DLG/DR
G
Digital
Measurable
lmages(D
Ml)
Online
Intelligent
Realtime
Ecological-
made
Technol
ogy
Tradition
GIS/GPS
IRS
(3S)
3S +LBS
3S in One
+ LBS
Global
Information
Grid
4A/4w
Service
Base
Map
Based
Service
Position
Based
Service
Location
Based
Service
Routine
Based
Service
Ecology
Based Service
Directio
n(USGS
)
Map
Monitor
Understand
Model
Predict
Host ID
Map-
maker
Geoinfo-
Provider
Geomatics-
server
One Stop
Server
Server on
Eco-Demand
Infrastru
cture
Archives
SDI/SII
SII/SGI
SGI/SSI
SSI/SAI
Domain
direction
Surveyin
g&
Mapping
Geo-
informati
on
Spatial
Informatio
n
Technolog
y
Knowledge
Industry
Creative
Ecology
Build
Power
Surveyin
g&
Mapping
Surveyin
g&
Mapping
industry
Geomatics
Industry
National
Hold
Social
Demand
Represe
ntation
of City
Archive
City
Digitizati
on City
Digital
City
Grid City
Eco-city
information is their carrier and mathematics foundation. In the
information age the development of internet and
communication network adding the portable computer terminal,
will cause the popularity of spatio-temporal information service
representing characteristics of current and the near future.
These are also the key to operating the spatial information
industry. So the construction of digital city must depend on the
public service, the public product, the public platform etc.
3. THE ORIENTATION OF DIGITAL CITY
The realization of informationization can not be sole achieved
from the technical angle or the management level. It needs an
omni-directional system construction which involves theory,
technology, management, operation and maintenance. The
traditional surveying and mapping system takes production
as the masterstroke, the digitized surveying and mapping
system considers the technology as its masterstroke too, but
the digital city selects the service as its masterstroke. Digital
city is not just the informationization of surveying and
mapping, the same as informationization society is not just
society's informationization. Digital city is the inevitable
product of specific historical stage.
Therefore, we should understand Digital city on the
foundation of digitized surveying and mapping system.
Digital city can be oriented with the characteristic of the
automation of surveying and mapping technology, the
digitization of surveying and mapping production, the
network convenience of surveying and mapping service, the
socialization of surveying and mapping product.
4. PHASES ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL CITY BASED
GEOMATICS
It is not its ultimate objective that the surveying and
mapping develops to the Geomatics stage, as the
informationization society is not the ultimate society; it will
not bog down but develop forwards. Table.2 shows the five
phases of digital city based Geomatics.
Table 2 Five phases of Digital City Based Geomatics
Based on all these it realizes the fusion of geographic spatial
information resources and the value-added service, to push
forward the application of the surveying and mapping
information and the technical product, to provide the multi
criteria, the multi-form services to the public.
Social activities and the development of the environment are all
changed under temporal datum frame; the terrestrial space
The phases of digital city based on Geomatics is composed
of analog, digitization, informatization, knowledgement and
ubiquity five phases. Analog phase is the basic and
primordial phase accompanied by the undeveloped and
traditional surveying and mapping technology. In this phase
data type is the simulation data focusing on the ontology of
the real world and all products are provided in the hand
made model with the traditional and less-developed
technologies. The services provided to the public in this
phase are map sheet-based. Map sheets are the only vehicle
for the urban planning and management and for guiding the
public. From the USGS point of view, the management of
city in terms of Geomatics is based on static map sheet, and the
map-maker is the host ID of analog phase. Therefore the
surveying and mapping is the domain direction and build power
in the process of digital city, and representation of infrastructure
and city is in the archive format in this phase which limits the
city’s management modernization progress to some extent.
With the digitization technology development, especially
computer science and technology development, the
representation of the city moves to the digitization phase. The
description of the city from traditional map model increasingly