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access all the information about a feature by simply clicking on 
it. 
For example, The attributes of a river, it might include its name, 
length, average depth, rate of flow, water quality, how many 
dames are on it and how many bridges cross it. Desktop GIS 
formats attributes in rows and columns and stores them as tables. 
2.2 Data Management in GIS 
Geographic data refers to information about the earth’s surface 
and the objects found on it. This information comes in three 
basic forms: spatial data, tabular data and image data. Spatial 
data contains the locations and shapes of map features. Tabular 
data is collected and compiled for specific areas and is the 
descriptive data that GIS links to map features. Image data 
includes such diverse elements as satellite images, aerial 
photograph and scanned data -data that’s been converted from 
printed to digital format. 
Maps are static and therefore difficult and expensive to keep up 
to date. Maps size and scale also limit the amount of data a 
paper map can portray. GIS is now a widely used system where 
large amount of data with reference to a co-ordinate system are 
stored in the computer and thus provides integral database, 
which can be manipulated and retrieved for data management 
and plan preparation process. 
GIS provides the fundamental facility to extract the different 
sets of information from a paper map or image source (roads, 
settlements, vegetation, so on.), stores in a digital form and use 
them as required. Because data are stored on a computer, 
analysis and modeling becomes possible. For example, one 
might point at two building, ask the computer to describe each 
from an attaché database and then calculate the best route 
between them. 
3. Software: 
3.1 GIS Software 
Geographical Information System (GIS) most useful appropriate 
software to run on a wide range of hardware types, from 
centralized computer servers to desktop computers used in 
standalone or networked configurations. 
GIS-Software provides the functions and tools needed to store, 
analyze and retrieval geographic information. The major 
components include tools for the input and manipulation of 
geographical information, a database management system, 
graphical user interface and tools that support geographic query, 
analysis and visualization. 
3.2 ArcMap GIS-Software 
ArcMap GIS-Software for desktop geographic Information 
System (GIS) and Mapping. It is powerful mapping system that 
runs on desktop computers such as Visualize: In no time will be 
working with data geographically, seeing patterns couldn’t See 
before, revealing hidden trends and distributions and gaining 
new insights. Create: It’s easy to create maps to convey 
message. ArcMap provides all the tools need to put data on a 
map and display it in an effective manner. Solve: Working 
geographically lets answer questions such as “Where is....?”, 
“How much....?”, and “What if....?”. Understanding these 
relationships will help make better decisions. Present: Showing 
the results of work is easy. Can make great looking publication- 
quality maps and create interactive displays that link charts, 
tables, drawings, photographs and other elements to data. It will 
find that communicating geographically is a powerful way to 
inform and motivate others. Develop: The ArcMap 
customization environment lets tailor the interface to suit needs 
or the needs of organization, build new tools to automate work 
and develop standalone applications based on ArcMap mapping 
components. Its tasks cab be broadly divided into two categories. 
One includes mapmaking, editing and spatial data analysis; the 
other includes database design and data management. 
4. Spatial Data Infrastructure: 
“Spatial Data Infrastructure” (SDI) is often used to denote the 
relevant base collection of technologies, policies and 
institutional arrangements that facility the availability of and 
access to spatial data. The SDI provides a basis for spatial data 
discovery, evaluation, and application for users and providers 
within all levels of government, the commercial sector, the 
private sector, academia and by citizens in general. 
The SDI must be more than a single data set or database. Its 
hosts geographic data and attributes, sufficient documentation 
(metadata), a means to discover, visualize, and evaluate the data 
(catalogues and Web mapping), and some method to provide 
access to the geographic data. To make SDI functional, it must 
also include the organizational agreements needed to coordinate 
and adminster it on a local, regional, national and or trans 
national scale. An SDI facilitates the conveyance of virtual 
unlimited packages of Geographic information. 
In this project the study is to construct actual Spatial Data 
Infrastructure and users for Build data once and use it many 
times for many applications, Integrate distributed providers of 
data: Cooperative governance “Place-based management”, 
Share costs of data creation and maintenance and Support 
sustainable economic, social and environmental development in 
Narita city. The main purpose is to generate simple types of GIS 
application using Arc-GIS Software version-9. 
4.1 Definition of SDI 
“The Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) provides a basis for 
spatial data Discovery, Evaluation and Application for users and 
providers within all levels of government, the commercial 
sector, the non-profit sector, academia and by citizens in 
general.” 
4.2 Components of SDI 
Technology -Hardware, Software, Networks, Databases, 
Technical implementation plans. 
Policies and Institutional Arrangements - Governance, Data 
privacy and Security Data sharing, Cost recovery. 
People - Training, Professional Development, Cooperation and 
Outreach. 
4.3 The Importance of SDI 
Build data once and use it many times for many 
applications. 
Integrate distributed providers of data: Cooperative 
governance “Place-based management”.