The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B4. Beijing 2008
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different formats with radiometric resolution 10 bit. The optical
system of the Gamma-C sensor characterized by the field of
view of 15.3 0 allows realizing the images in multispectral
bands in three ranges: Ml (0.54-0.59pm), M2 (0.63-0.68pm)
and M3 (0.79-0.90pm) with the geometrical resolution GSD =
20m and with the image swath about 160km. The nominal
range of viewing of the Gamma-C sensor was equal 890km by
keeping of the radiometric resolution on the level 10 bit. At
most one year later after the series of technical problems on the
near-circular and elliptical orbit was appeared the newest
generation Russian remote sensing satellite registered the image
information with spatial resolution below lm.
2.2 Resurs DK-1
The remote sensing satellite Resurs DK-1 was designed by
RASA (Russian Aviation Space Agency) within of the
realization of the National Space Programme of the Russian
Federation. The main designer and producer of the satellite
system Resurs DK-1 was the State Research & Production
Space Rocket Center “TsSKB-Progress”. Challenge for the new
Russian satellite basing on the military recognition system was
the task to entry in full tightly field of the performance of
commercial remote sensing. The initial deadline of launch of
the satellite Resurs DK-1 was happened on the December 2004.
This deadline was moved on the April and later on the
December 2005. However just on June 15 th , 2006 was informed
that at the 12 hour Moscow time the space craft Soyuz-U was
placed on the orbit the satellite Resurs DK-1. Finally the
satellite was placed on the elliptical orbit with inclination of 63°
and elevation of apogee and perigee of 585km and 355km
respectively. In the round of the day the Resurs DK-1 can to
register images covered the surface area above 600 square
kilometers. The exploitation time of the Resurs DK-1 was
qualified on 3 years. The satellite platform have ability to
incline off nadir maximally about 36° causing that revisit time
of this satellite is 6 days. Acquisition of the image information
by Resurs DK-1 sensors is realize in panchromatic mode in
spectral range P (0.58-0.8 pm) as well as in multispectral mode
in three bands Ml (0.5-0.6 pm), M2 (0.6-0.7 pm) and M3 (0.7-
0.8 pm) with spectral resolution of lObit. The geometrical
resolution of the Resurs DK-1 image taken in perigee is lm for
panchromatic and 2-3m for multispectral mode. The Resurs
DK-1 acquires satellite images in the swath width from 4.7km
to 28.3km in the nominal scanning range of 448km. The main
task of the Resurs DK-1 system is the observation of the surface
of Earth, acquiring in the real time very high resolution satellite
images in wide range of the electromagnetic spectrum and their
processing and distribution to the customers in the world. The
Resurs DK-1 satellite was entered on wide range of research
and was performed ecological duty through delivering of
information for operating action in the range of the expectation
and the extermination of disasters and extraordinary situations.
3. ELABORATION OF THE RESURS DK-1 DATA
3.1 Description of the test data
In the methodical testing two panchromatic scenes with spatial
resolution below 1 m were used. The geographic position of the
scenes and their dimensions were adapted to requirements and
possibilities which gives the realization of the research project.
The first scene covered nearly of 12x12 km in the ground was
represented the centre of the Warsaw and neighboring districts.
This scene taken on September 24 th , 2006 from the Geoton
RDK-1 camera with an inclination of 6.35° and scan azimuth
angle of 31.45° was used. The second scene covering about
10x10km in the ground represented the north-west districts of
the Cracow was acquired in July 3 rd , 2006 from the same
camera like first test scene. The sensor inclination off nadir of
7.65° and scan azimuth angle of 30.76° was registered. In both
cases the scenes was acquired with sun elevation of 37°.
Approximate scale of images was 1:105,000.
3.2 Methodology of the geometrical correction
The methodology of the geometrical correction of the Resurs
DK-1 satellite scenes take as one's model of geometrical
correction of the very high satellite images such like Ikonos or
QuickBird was elaborated by authors of this article. However,
in the case of new Russian satellite images the mainly obstacle
in the realization of the analogous methodical tasks was lack of
the specialist photogrammetric software dedicate for
geometrical correction. Distributor of the Russian satellite data
made accessible for research project the set of coefficients
which was equivalent for Rational Polynomial Coefficients
delivered together with Ikonos scenes. The research team was
received also files which represented orbital parameters for each
scene. These parameters allowed to realization of the own
solutions which using proprieties of the internal programistic
environment of the PCI Geomatica software. These solutions
of the elaboration of the algorithms enabling to realize task of
the geometrical correction of the Resurs DK-1 images on the
basis of Ortho Engine modules using for Ikonos image data was
concerned. Adaptation the recording structure of Resurs DK-1
metadata to the structure of the RPC coefficients format and
structure of the orbital data of Ikonos system was the task of
these algorithms.
For the scenes of Resurs DK-1 covering the Warsaw and
Cracow test areas of 28 and 24 ground control points
respectively were measured by GPS methods. These points
performed interchangeably function of control points as well as
check points. The measurement of the image coordinates of
ground control points was performed on the modules of Ortho
Engine PCI Geomatica software v.10.3. It was assumption that
the ground control points should be details unambiguously
identified on the image and in the terrain, meanwhile their
accuracy of measurement and identification should not be worse
