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DEVELOPMENT OF POSITIONING INFORMATION REALIZED DIGITAL CLOSE- 
RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SYSTEM 
Hyun Choi a ' *, Chang-Hwan Ahn a , Jin-Soo Kim b , Ho-Wook Han a 
a Dept, of Civil Engineering, Kyungnam University, Masan 631701, S.Korea. - (hchoi, survey21c, 
hwhan)@kyungnam.ac.kr 
b Dept, of Civil Engineering, Pukyung National University, Busan 608737, S.Korea - pksurveying@pknu.ac.kr 
Commission V, WG-V-5 
KEY WORDS: Digital Close-Range Photogrammetirc System, GPS-assisted Photogrammetry, CCD Camera, Nicon D200, 
GPSmap 60CSx 
ABSTRACT: 
Digital photogrammetric system has shown many possibilities in image analysis division for real time digital photogrammetric 
treatment use of the digital camera which take storage capacity itself and digital photogrammetric measuring method. And GPS, 
positioning system using satellites, is acquired its utilities in many parts because it is very easy to get the three dimensional 
coordinates using GPS around the world. In this research, in comparison with Precise Control Point Surveying used GPS(Sokkia 
GRS2600), Ordinary system(Nicon D200+GPS101) and development of positioning information realized digital close-range 
photogrammetric system(Nicon D200+GPSmap 60CSx) surveying results, Ordinary System surveying latitude error is 19.383m, 
longitude error is 9.090m and Altitude error is 8.413m. However development system has shown that latitude error is 7.203m, 
longitude error is 4.544m and altitude error is 5.735m. Also, consumption of battery is one of the most important things for 
photogrammetry, the old system can observe about 30 pictures but development system can observe about 200 pictures and the 
weight is lessen than 3kg so that one person can operate alone. Therefore, the point of development of Positioning Information 
realized Digital Close-Range Photogrammetric System is to increase efficiency when renewing old result of digital map for changed 
topography rapidly and when you need real time information. 
1. THE INTRODUCTION 
Digital photogrammetric system has shown many possibilities 
in image analysis division for real time digital photogrammetric 
treatment use of the digital camera which take storage capacity 
itself and digital photogrammetric measuring method. 
Digital close-range photogrammetric, which treats a target by 
digital photogrammetric, possesses various advantages. The 
advantages are; high resolution, application on diverse digital 
photogrammetric, efficiency of real time treatment, and 
automation. More extensive applications include; machinery, 
medical, measuring of cultural assets and detailed division. It is 
impracticable to efficiently create data, because digital 
photogrammetric required enormous cost and time that it takes 
location information of a target to use triangulation or GPS 
surveying in a datum point. In this research elaborates that it is 
possible to efficiently create data by developing combined 
digital close-range photogrammetric system which 
collaborating GPS and digital close-range photogrammetric 
system. 
Combined Digital close-range photogrammetric system 
incorporates location information and map information. 
Consequently, it is possible to acquire real time location by 
digital photogrammetric. This will be a great approach to save 
time and create economic efficiency. 
2. THEORETIAL BACKGROUND OF SYSTEM 
2.1 Image acquisition Using CCD Camera 
CCD(Charge-Coupled Device) can sense total area at a time 
because it has function that can sense total area. Sense that is 
discontinuous in interior semi-conductor and fixed state has 
been attached, and very become precision-made. Each sensor 
acquires reflex after not reading directly by computer forming 
linear wave first in scanning line. 
I + n,(t) = v x x (1) 
I+ nj(t) = v y y 
v x ,v y is a reflex acquisition ratio of x,y direction, and 
«.(/) has generally few value. CCD is suitable for the 
use of photogrammetry having good geometrical attribute and 
can acquire reflex by Real-Time. Therefore, it is suitable sensor 
for Real-Time photogrammetry application. But, two 
dimensions CCD used usually current is shortcoming that 
resolution is low as apply photogrammetry extensively because 
have 512X512 reflex pixel resolution generally. Light reflected 
in object is collected to series signal by lens of CCD camera 
and by CCD sensor senses strength, light collected is passed to 
analogue voltage signal. Conversion of this signal consists to 
numerical information by A/D conversion, this strength for 
observation purpose is changed typically from 0(black) to 
255(white) extents' gray scale. Usually, frame grabber of 
* Corresponding author.