The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B7. Beijing 2008 
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Cultural relics are distinct in some bands of hyperspectral 
imagery because soil ingredients, moisture and the growth 
differences of vegetation related to historical relics cause 
absorption and reflectance anomalies. For example, the pseudo 
color composition image of band 62, band 63 and band 64 
clearly show the westward mausoleum passage and the 
underground palace of MEQ. See Figure 3. 
Figure 3 The westward tomb passage and 
the underground palace 
2.1,2 2.2.2 Thermal Infrared Image Processing 
According to the simultaneous temperatures and spectra 
measurements of ground surface and the pixel values on thermal 
infrared bands of the same points in OMIS images, temperature 
retrieval model is set up by regression analyses. 
Formula 2 gives an example model in Shenhe tableland area. 
T=-2.446+0.0152*DN (2) 
where T = retrieval radiant temperature value of ground surface 
DN = pixel value in thermal band image 
Figure 4 Pseudo color composition of night time 
thermal infrared image 
The coefficient between the calculated value and measured 
temperature is 0.946; the mean error is 0.378°C. Radiant 
temperature image can be acquired after calculation of the 
whole thermal band. 
In order to enlarge the differences of ground information and 
identify anomalies easily, enhancement of image is carried out. 
Figure 4 is a pseudo color composition image of thermal 
infrared bands of the pyramid-shaped mound of MEQ, which 
shows the moisture changes caused by the Underground Dam, 
and the thermal anomalies of the Pyramid-shaped Mound, and 
also shows the underground temperature differences and 
indicates the location of the Underground Palace under the 
Pyramid-shaped Mound. 
3. EXPLORATION VERIFICATION 
In November 2004, Archeological Institute of Shaanxi Province 
and Geological Investigation Bureau of China applied shovel 
drilling and geophysical exploration that confirmed the location 
of the Westward Tomb Passage, the Underground Dam and the 
Underground Palace of MEQ were in accordance with the 
remote sensing interpretation results. After two months’ hard 
working, what we had interpreted were proved right by the 
results of both drilling and geophysical exploration. 
In spring of 2006, Archeological Institute of Shaanxi Province 
selected 8 anomaly areas to confirm the remote sensing 
interpretation results by shovel drilling in Shenhe tableland. 
They found that 7 of them had ancient tombs and relics. In these 
8 anomaly areas about 46 ancient tombs, 8 ancient rubbish pits, 
hundreds of recent and contemporary tombs and about 10 
ancient active loess pits were found. Figure 5 and Figure 6 show 
hyperspectral information extraction and verification of No.l 
anomaly area. 
Figure 5 Sketch map of No.l anomaly area