The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B7. Beijing 2008
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Figure 2 provides the IS classified image with all drill hole
locations and the topography overlaid. These locations were
selected based on the surface units they represent. Figure 3
provides an example of a soil profile (#1) for these six soil
properties.
Horizon
Depth
(cm)
Description
Rhodoxeralf
A
0-20
Low organic matter (0.32 gkg-1), the soil does not
contain carbonates, the soil is sandy with a low specific
surface area (69 m 2 g-1), low moisture (0.92 gkg-1),
iron oxides (0.56 gkg-1), color 10R 4/6 red.
AB
20-40
Low organic matter (0.30 gkg-1), increased soil
moisture (2 gkg-1), SSA (76 m 2 g-1), iron oxides
(0.58%); color 10R4/8 red.
Bt
40-60
Elovial horizon; there is an accumulation of clay
minerals, an increase in SSA (85 m 2 g-1), and increased
iron oxides (0.5 gkg-1); organic matter (0.29 gkg-1);
color 1 OR 4/ 8 red.
B3
60-80
Decreased clay minerals, SSA (27 m 2 g-1) and iron
oxides (0.5 gkg-1), organic carbon (0.29 gkg-1), color
7.5 YR 6/6 reddish yellow.
C
80-100
Low organic matter (0.27 gkg-1), little content of clay
minerals, SSA ( 26 m 2 g-1), decreased iron oxides (0.3
gkg-1), color 7.5 YR 6/6 reddish yellow.
Hapioxeralf
A
0-20
Rich in organic matter (2 gkg-1); high carbonate
content (26 gkg-1); soil moisture (3.7 gkg-1); iron
oxides (1.3 gkg-1), SSA (102 m 2 g-1, color 10YR 6/3
pale brown.
AB
20-40
A slight decrease in organic matter (1.3 gkg-1), a
decrease in iron oxides (0.8 gkg-1), агц increase in soil
moisture (5.2 gkg-1), an increase in clay minerals SSA
(134 m 2 g-1), the color is the same as the A horizon,
color 10YR 6/3 pale brown.
В ca
40-70
Accumulation of carbonates (28 gkg-1), low organic
matter (0.6 gkg-1), soil moisture (4.5 gkg-1), decreased
clay minerals SSA (72 m 2 g-1) that will make the
texture more sandy loam, color 10YR 6/3 pale brown.
C
70-80
Low organic matter (0.44 gkg-1), carbonates (24 gkg-
1), low iron oxides (0.46 gkg-1), decreased soil
moisture (2.7 gkg-1), the texture is more sandy loam
SSA (54 m 2 g-1), color 10YR 6/4 light yellowish
brown..
Haploaquept
A1
0-20
Highly rich in organic matter (4 gkg-1), rich in
carbonates (44 gkg-1), soil moisture (17 gkg-1), SSA
(54 m 2 g-1), iron oxides (0.6 gkg-1), color 10YR 4/1
dark gray.
A3
20-50
High carbonates content (61 gkg-1), high organic matter
(3.1 gkg-1), iron oxides (0.6 gkg-1), SSA (75 m 2 g-1),
color 10YR 4/1 dark gray.
В
50-70
Increased soil moisture (22 gkg-1), decreased iron
oxides (0.14 gkg-1), a slight decrease in organic matter
(1.9 gkg-1), very high carbonate content (71 gkg-1), soil
moisture (22 gkg-1), SSA (55 m 2 g-1), color 2.5Y 8/4
pale yellow.
c
70-100
Very high carbonate content (66 gkg-1), high soil
moisture (25 gkg-1), SSA (46 m 2 g-1), low content of
iron oxides (0.05 gkg-1), the color is very bright; color
2.5Y 8/4 pale yellow.
Chromoxerert
A
0-70
Rich in organic matter (2.5 gkg-1), carbonate content (8
gr kg-1), high soil moisture (18 g kg-1), iron oxides
(0.63 g kg-1), the texture is clayey SSA (280 m 2 g-1),
the color of the soil is dark; color 10YR 4/3 dark
grayish brown.
AC
70-100
Organic matter (2.1 g kg-1), decreased carbonates (4 g
kg-1), high soil moisture (21 g kg-1), clay texture SSA
(310 m 2 g-1), iron oxides (0.86 g kg-1), color 10YR 3/4
dark yellowish brown.
Table 2: Optically based soil profile descriptions, as was done
in the field using 3S-HeD in drills
As seen, the profile information provides greater
understanding of the soil profile that can be further used to
evaluate the soil order. Using the layers of all samples for
each property enables a spatial overview of the soil profiles in
vertical layers. Figure 4 provides kriging interpolation profile
maps for SSA as an example. The SSA was selected because
it is highly correlated with other soil properties in Israeli soils
such as hygroscopic moisture, clay content, and water
retention (Banin and Amiel, 1970). As seen, the SSA property
changes vertically quite smoothly (as excepted from vertisol),
providing a spatial view of this property never before obtained.
Figure 2: The ISO-Data classification of the area using the IS
reflectance image overlain on the topography image of the area.
Also given are the drilling point positions
Figure 3: Profile description of the six soil properties, as
obtained from the NIRS approach using the POS method
(a=carbonate -CA, b=organic matter -OM, c= iron oxides-Fed,
d=specific surface area - SSA, e= hygroscopic water -HIG, f=
field moisture - FM)