77?e International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B7. Beijing 2008 
photographs were taken in 1996 by Zeiss RMK TOP 15 camera 
(focal length: 153 mm) with 1:35 000 scale. They are black and 
white photographs and were scanned in 21 microns and 
orthorectified with 1 meter resolution. Landsat imagery is dated 
2000. 28.5 meter resolution 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd and 14.25 meter 
resolution panchromatic bands of the imagery are used for 
study. Study area and data are shown in Figure 1. 
2. RESOLUTION MERGE OF 1:35.000 SCALE AERIAL 
PHOTOGRAPHS WITH LANDSAT 7 ETM IMAGERY 
2.1 Direct Merge 
In this method, aerial orthophoto is directly merged with 
Landsat multispectral imagery. The efficiency of three different 
merging techniques (Principal Component, IHS, and Brovey 
Transform) is examined. The merged images are shown in 
Figure 2 and also a part of imagery is zoomed in and shown in 
Figure 3. 
Figure 2. Merged imageries (a: Brovey Transform, b: IHS, c: 
Principal Component, d: Landsat multispectral) 
Figure 3. Merged imageries (a: Brovey Transform, b: IHS, c: 
Principal Component, d: Landsat multispectral) 
When the imageries examined, it can be easily seen that 
Principal Component and Brovey Transform techniques gives 
better results. Especially there is a big degradation at the 
imagery generated with the IHS technique. Brovey Transform 
method creates a more sharpened imagery but with some color 
spot areas. Sharpness is less at Principal Component method if 
compared with Brovey Transform but no color spots happens in 
this method. If the pan-sharpening results from Brovey 
Transform, IHS (Intensity-Hue-Saturation) and PC (Principal 
Component) are compared, respectively consistent, weak and 
superior spectral recovery was achieved with the methods. 
2.2 Merge with Resolution Merged Landsat Imagery 
In this method, firstly the multispectral Landsat 7 ETM imagery 
was merged with Landsat 7 ETM panchromatic imagery and 
finaly this imagery was merged with aerial photographs again 
with three different merging techniques. The results showed 
that this method creates better merged imagery. The merged 
images are shown in Figure 4 and also a part of imagery is 
zoomed in and shown in Figure 5. 
Figure 4. Merged imageries (a: Brovey Transform, b: IHS, c: 
Principal Component, d: Resolution merged Landsat 
multispectral) 
Figure 5. Merged imageries (a: Brovey Transform, b: IHS, c: 
Principal Component, d: Resolution merged Landsat 
multispectral) 
In this method, The Principal Component method serves well 
the purpose of spatial resolution enhancement of the low 
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