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The originality of the proposed system is principally its 
dynamic presentation in a Web site, of three main 
components: (i) an XML data management system ; (ii) a 
three-dimensional model; and (ii) a digital 
photogrammetry tool. The link between these three 
components is realised from the conceptual point-of- 
view, by modelling with the aid of computer tools relying 
on the object oriented approach (using JAVA 1.4), of a 
body of objects manipulated by the archaeologist. This 
computerized approach unites the exchange between the 
different forms of expression of the objects under study 
and ensures the coherence between these different 
expressions (three-dimensional representations ; text; 
XML data management; and assistance for the user 
during photogrammetric measurement). The state of 
progress of this work is presented on the following Web 
site : http://GrandRibaudF.drassm.gamsau.archi. fr! 
After a brief description of the archaeological context of 
the Grand Ribaud Etruscan Wreck, we will introduce the 
Arpenteur photogrammetry tool and its use during the 
photogrammetry work, then we'll present the XML 
capabilities and the advantage we got using this 
formalism to represent both the photogrammetric data 
and the survey itself. 
2. ARPENTEUR GENERAL PRESENTATION 
2.1 ARPENTEUR main objectives 
ARPENTEUR is a web tool dedicated to architectural 
and archaeological survey. It has the benefit of the two 
partner laboratories’ expertise in the field of close range 
photogrammetry and architectural knowledge 
representation in a survey process. This collaboration is 
enriching for both researchers and students working on 
the project. 
The main justifications for the project are following: 
— As it is the case for education and research software, 
the JAVA™ development language gives a tool and 
a technology allowing teams working on different 
sites and systems far apart, 
— As a tool dedicated to architecture, ARPENTEUR 
profits from expertise of two teams in the field of 
close range photogrammetry and representation of 
architectural information. 
— As a tool dedicated to photogrammetry, 
ARPENTEUR is a simple system and should be 
considered as a light photogrammetry system, light 
meaning easy to use as well as no heavy equipment 
required. 
The integration of these objectives in the same group 
implies two technical and conceptual choices. The first is 
in the use of digital images obtained with a digital 
camera, now commercially available with adequate 
resolution. These images also allow automatic tasks and 
software tools. Finally, they allow the total integration of 
the process from the images to final results like 3D 
visualisation in CAO-DAO 3D software. 
  
! Grand Ribaud is a small coastal island, not far from Toulon, 
south of France, where many wrecks of different origins have 
been found. They have each been assigned an identifying 
letter, which in the present case is Grand Ribaud F. 
This integration is made profitable to serve another choice, 
more conceptual, which is founded on the idea of a process 
guided by the information related to the field. Concerning both 
architecture and archaeology, the goal is to allow experts to 
use their knowledge to produce results which ideally meet 
their wishes. The results can be shown as documents, visual 
files, or as a body. For this purpose a group of tools is given to 
experts to allow them to express hypotheses related to their 
field of investigation, hypotheses that lead to easier 
measurement process, e.g. the creation of a body representing 
the object in its field of investigation. 
As a benefit of those choices the ARPENTEUR looks like a 
tool developed for professional architects and archaeologists 
with a reduced intervention of the photogrammetry expert. A 
brief history of this project is developed in [Drap, 
Grussenmeyer, Gaillard, 2002] 
2.2 The Experience of the Grand Ribaud Estruscan 
Wreck 
Among ancient navigators, the Etruscans were the first, in the 
sixth century B.C., to create an efficient trade network on the 
south coast of Gaul. Until recently, however, only two pillaged 
Etruscan wrecks were known to be in the French 
Mediterranean sea. The 1999 discovery by COMEX (a French 
commercial diving company) of a wreck loaded with Etruscan 
amphorae and a general cargo, situated in more than sixty 
meters of water off the island of Grand Ribaud (Hyères, Var), 
has brought to light important new data on Archaic period 
trade and history. 
À first survey of the wreck was conducted in October 2000, 
and a second in August 2001, both directed by DRASSM (the 
French department of underwater archaeological research) 
using its research vessel Archéonaute. Logistictical support 
also came from COMEX, which provided its vessel Minibex, 
submersible Rémora 2000, remotely operated vehicle Super 
Achille, and prop-washer Blaster. In addition, the project was 
assisted by the French National Centre for Scientific Research 
(MAP-GAMSAU laboratory. By building on experience 
gained over nearly fifteen years of work on deep sites, this 
project allowed further testing and development of new 
methods, particularly those which do not require divers. In this 
respect, especially noteworthy are the photogrammetric 
recording of the visible remains we undertook as well as a test 
excavation of the central section of the site by gentle prop- 
washing. These evaluations have confirmed the importance 
and excellent state of preservation of the wreck, loaded with 
nearly 1000 amphoras in several layers, stacked bronze basins 
and disks, coarse Etruscan wares, and high-quality Greek 
ceramics. 
The study of the artifacts has already allowed us to advance 
some hypotheses about the origin of the amphoras, which all 
belong to Type Py 4 categorized by F. and M. Py in a 1974 
study of imports to the French ports of Vaunage and 
Villevielle. Although this type seems to be relatively 
standardized, on the Grand Ribaud wreck there were in fact at 
least four different sizes of the same shape. The remains of 
vine branches and wear marks on the amphorae show that they 
were secured by dunnage and securely attached to each other 
by thin ropes. The examination of the amphora clay shows 
homogenous production, characteristic of southern Etruria. 
—343-