Simulation 
data 
0.74mm 
(3.0e-4) 
0.68mm 
(2.0e-5) 
0.74mm 
(70um) 
0.79mm 
(70um) 
  
  
d) 
sion which is 
note that the 
carly 10 times 
  
  
  
  
Oxy oz 
mm] | [mm] 
1.0 33 
0.7 2.5 
0.6 2.6 
  
  
  
  
  
  
Figure 15. Rectified image with no correction 
Figures 15 and 16 show the Rectified Image before Calibration 
Correction and after Calibration Correction for the Case 1. 
Here we can see a good result was obtained as the y-parallax 
was clearly deleted after the correction. 
5. CONCLUSION 
We have developed a handy device to make 3D measurement of 
any object. With our newly developed Software, DC-1000, 
anybody can now work easily on a flat sheet with an ordinary 
mega pixel digital camera in hand to make camera calibration, 
necessary to perform such measurement. 
To spectacularly improve the quality of image, precision of 
measurement and time element, we have also developed a 
system which makes the calibration on-site, using zooming and 
auto-focusing function of an ordinary mega pixel digital camera. 
We have assessed and confirmed its excellent performance. 
Thus, we have succeeded to obtain the very high precision with 
the error range contained within only 2mm, if we make the on- 
site calibration at about 6 focal positions ranging between the 
widest angle positioning and far most telephoto positioning. 
This capability is more than enough to make an accurate 
measurement on the actual site of whole variety of objects, such 
as construction or archaeological site, disaster prevention, 
Urban design, etc. Its practical potentiality of utilization could 
be immense, the development of which we are now positively 
involved. 
9 BO REM pu 
$28 40H 
  
DEE ADL 
(420.008. 151m 
  
  
Figure 16. Rectified image after ON-SITE Calibration 
REFERENCES 
Fraser, C.S., Shotis, M.R., Ganci, G. 1995. Multi-sensor system 
self-calibration. Invited Paper, Videometrics IV, SPIE Vol.2598, 
pp2-18 
Kochi, N., Otani, H., Nakamura, S., Yamada, M., Chida, M., 
Noma, T., Ito, T., Aoki. H., 1996. A New System of Surface 
Measurement. International Archives of Photogrammetry and 
Remote Sensing, VIENNA, Vol. XXXI, Part B5, pp.76-81 
Kochi, N., Otani, H., Nakamura, S., Utiyama, T., Chida, M., 
Sato, H., Noma, T., 1995. Development of a Metric CCD 
Camera and Its Application. ISPRS Intercommission Workshop, 
Zurich, Vol.30, Part SW1, pp.254-258 
Otani, H., Ishii, M., 1992. Application for Close-range 
Photogrammetry Using a Camera System Attached on Transit 
and Stereo Image System (TOPCON  PS-1000/PI-1000). 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 
Washington. Commission No.5, pp.30-34 
Otani, H., Ito, T., Kochi, N., Aoki, H., Yamada, M., Sato, H., 
Noma, T., 2000. Development and Application of Digital Image 
Surveyor DI-1000. International Archives of Photogrammetry 
and Remote Sensing, AMSTERDAM, Vol. XXXIII, Part B5/1, 
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