484
3 8 00
36.30
¿£oo
39^30
V777Û
10 0
(mm)
400 -
3 60-
3 20 -
Regional Boundary
District Boundary
Unpaved Road
2 80-
Paved ftoad
River
2 40-
Project site
Urban centre - (City)
2 00-
20 40 60Kms
16 0 —
1 20-
Railway Line
Key :
(^^25 Contour line
^~\nS\r River
Project Boundary
Road
Figure 1- Location map and topographical conlour map ot Makurunge Irrigation farm , Bagamoyo
1.5 Soil resources
Soil is the unconsolidated mineral material
on the immediate surface of the earth that
serves as a natural medium for the growth
of plants. The soils morphological cha
racteristics reflect the environment and
are used to group the soils into use - ori
ented units or patterns, and to classify
soils according to the processes involved
in their formation.
2. SOIL SURVEY PROCEDURE
Material and instruments
2.1,
The soil propeties considered in this
soil survey study for classification were
texture, structure, consistency, and dra
inage with flooding water regime. The
soils in the farm are pedologically termed
as young. They a. c nydromorphic. River
flooding has resulted in the formation of
young soils, classified as Juvenile soils
which have been 1ormed as a result of
deposition of riverine and Lucustrine
alluvium.
Before starting the fieldwork aerial photo-
inter pretation of the project area was
done vising the mirror stereoscope on ove
rlays. Photographs were taken in 1966.
Their scale was 1:50,OOu. Despite the fact
that photographs used in this soil survey
were quite old there were no great diffe
rences between the images on the photogra
phs and the present features found on the
terrain. This is because landuse and ve
getation had not changed much since 1966
(the time when photographs wore taken).
The Qua], ity of the photographs was quite
good. They were printed on semimatt photo
paper. Their over lap was 60%. In total
15 photographs were used for completing
the inter pretation. Their sizes were
23 x 23cm. Together with the aerial-photo
graphs a topographical map sheet of scale
80-
40-
J F
KEY:
Figure
1:100,
shing
nap iva
capes.
2.2. R
A one
cted t
lize w
the so
the fa
fac tor
1.
ble du
grass)
plain
wi th b
the ma
also h
he s .
2.
trees
cl eari
to tnov
3.
inhabi
thvis a
to saf
Rhysio
D.1967
