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Title
Modern trends of education in photogrammetry & remote sensing

195
HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Chapter 6: ANALYTICAL METHODS AND INSTRUMENTS
Contributing Author: Sanjib K. Ghosh
Professor of Photogrammetry
Laval University, Pavilion Casault
Quebec G1K 7P4 Canada
Tel.: (418) 656-5762
Telex: 051-31621 UNILAVAL
Fax: (418) 656-3177
6.1 Introduction
In photogrammetry the word "Analytical" has been used synonymously
with "computational", where the solutions are obtained by mathematical
methods as against "Analog", where solutions are obtained by analogy or
similitude developed through optical-mechanical procedures. The backbone
of analytical methods consists of various mathematical concepts to rep
resent relations between points in the object, their corresponding images
and operational procedures to solve specific problems.
Analytical photogrammetric procedures may be considered along
three operational stages, each involving specific instruments (see Fig.
6.1), viz., those used for acquisition of image data (mensural), those
used for data-processing and analyses (computational) and those used for
display or presentation of the results.
Fig. 6.1
In view of the above, we would study the historical developments
firstly with regard to the mathematical concepts and next with regard to
the instruments and their potentials for the future.
A mathematical model, in expressing the relevant concept, provides
insight into the underlying chain of events. There is no mystery about
the way in which this insight is achieved. The mathematical models have
no scientific value unless they have been validated adequately through
experience and research. Scientific validation is an open-ended pro
cess. As a mathematical model is successfully tested and used, it becomes
established. Otherwise it stands to be changed, modified or simply drop
ped. We have witnessed this through the historical development of analyti
cal photogrammetry.
Furthermore, photogrammetry being an applied science, it is the
content and not the form of the mathematical statement (language) that
matters most. Thus we have noticed that mathematical and operational
concepts have been adapted to circumstances without really changing the
basi'c contents. The following sections would highlight the conceptual
developments without going into personal details.