CIPA 2003 XIX th International Symposium, 30 September-04 October, 2003, Antalya, Turkey 
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Figure 6b. 3D-model: Columns, beams, walls, windows, doors, 
stairs 
The approach described in this paper has the following 
advantages and disadvantages: 
The use of CAAD-building elements is coupled with a 
height-parameter resulting in 3D-extruded objects. A simple 
shadowed or rendered model can be generated immediately 
from within the CAD-system. 
The creation and adaptation of CAAD-building elements 
using tacheometry ensures a high-precision plan 
representation which can, as necessary, be dislocated from 
the rest of the building model for independent editing. 
The three-dimensional model allows the generation of 
simple system sections. 
- The geometric area or volume of individual building 
elements can be calculated automatically with a view to 
determining areas and bills of quantities. 
Individual building elements can be assigned attributes or 
parameters so that this information becomes integral to the 
building model. 
The 3D model is not detailed enough for special 
requirements, because deformations in the extruded surface 
cannot be included or are difficult to model - walls and 
ceilings are flat. 
Information management does not fulfil more complex 
requirements such as those which can be expected from a 
GIS-system. Information assigned to building elements 
should be restricted to essential properties. 
4, CONCLUSION 
The use of CAAD systems for surveying historic buildings was 
previously not possible as such system models were not able to 
reproduce the uneven surfaces and deformations inherent in 
existing buildings. The use of modifiers applied to the standard 
CAAD-elements makes it possible for CAAD-systems to 
respond to the actual plan geometry of existing buildings. This 
is made possible by using CAAD-software in conjunction with 
tacheometric software on a common working platform (for 
instance ADT Architectural Desktop). A 3D-model results 
directly from the survey and serves as a basis for visualisations, 
automated calculations (such as surface areas, volumes etc.) and 
as a 3D unit of reference for further non-geometric data. The 
practicability of the process was tested and exhibited using a 
real case study object. The main practical advantage of such an 
approach is the ability to quickly realise a 3D-visualisation of 
the surveyed building, in essence a by-product of the survey. 
This is useful for understanding relationships within the 
building and for initial planning studies. It is possible to link the 
model with further information but the results of this 
combination do not fulfil the requirements of a building 
information system both in terms of performance and usability. 
The potential offered through the combination of surveying 
equipment and software should be examined in more detail. The 
usability of such systems should be simplified through the 
provision of a tailor-made interface and tools which are oriented 
around the demands of practitioners in conservation and 
archaeology. 
5. REFERENCES 
acadGraph: http ://www. acadgraph. de/start. htm 1 
autodesk: http://www.autodesk.com 
kubit: http://www.kubit.de 
pms: http://www.elcovision.com/