×

You are using an outdated browser that does not fully support the intranda viewer.
As a result, some pages may not be displayed correctly.

We recommend you use one of the following browsers:

Full text

Title
International cooperation and technology transfer
Author
Fras, Mojca Kosmatin

127
difficulties of transfer of information from one system to
the other), today it is absolutely preferable to impose
the new territorial sampling system WGS84.
Road cadastre, therefore, should be set in a system
determined by G.P.S. and referred to a “global” WGS84
system, even if it could be more immediate and simple
to set it in a network of vertices referred to the “local”
ellipsoid of the current national cartography and to the
diffused technical compensating maps (regional,
provincial, communal).
Road cadastre should then be set in the WGS84
network, no matter who produces it.
The elements of the Road cadastre, therefore, even if
they can be deduced from the existing cartography,
must be collected with measuring campaigns that are
ad hoc (land or satellite methods) always with the
support of the WGS84 network.
The information structure of the Road cadastre must
allow the up-dating of the geographic co-ordinates and
the plain co-ordinates of its elements without changing
or introducing other data. This allows the up-dating of
the database increasing the precision of the localization
based on the improvement of the cartography of the
country and the progress in the technology of sampling.
Table 1 - Objectives with the creation of the road cadastre and fields of action for road managers in order to carry them out.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
ACTIONS
SAFETY AND COMFORT
□ Lower accident rate
□ Road traffic quality
□ Mobility of emergency vehicles in
case of disasters
□ Timeliness of maintenance
□ Acceptable quality of life with
benefits for health
□ Planning infrastructural action
□ Routing for exceptional vehicles
and loads
□ Research into preferential routes
□ Simulation of emergency plans
□ User information on road use.
□ Identification of traffic loads for
different typologies of road
□ Atmospheric and acoustic
pollution control
TRAFFIC PLANNING AND
MANAGEMENT
□ projects and works progress
(planned, under contract, in
progress)
□ Search for preferential routes
□ Impact of new sections
□ Monitoring
□ Routing for exceptional vehicles
and loads
□ simulation analysis
OPTIMIZATION OF MANAGEMENT
AND MAINTENACE COSTS
□ programmed maintenance
□ projects and works progress
(planned, under contract, In
progress)
□ Setting up of inspection systems
for pavements and works
□ simulation analysis
□ Cost-benefit analysis
□ Multi-criteria analysis
2.2 Cartographic elements to be included in the
Road cadastre
The elements to include in the Road cadastre can, in
part, be already represented on existing maps. For this
purpose, in the case of up-dating or making new maps
it would be appropriate to stipulate in the works contract
the surveying and organization of the data relative to
the road and rail infrastructure so as to make a base for
the Road Information System (L. Leone, G. Mussumeci,
1996).
The objects that can not be deduced from the maps
with sufficient precision must be surveyed with
adequate methods.
2.2.1. Methodology for cartographic data
acquisition
The elements of the Road cadastre can be surveyed
and acquired according to the following techniques:
■ Digitalization of cadastral maps that satisfies the
conditions of national network and eventual other
official networks connected to them.
■ Digitalization of existing large scale technical maps
of the national networks; the co-ordinates of the
database of points will then be cartographic in the
national system;
■ Procedure of land triangulation, trilateralisation,
and polygonisation from well-known points.
■ Geodetic satellite procedure from GPS vertices
referred to WGS84;
■ Integrated inertial and kinematic satellite
procedures, that is by means of trajectory
representation of a vehicle with these systems;
today it is based on GPS and inertial navigators,
INS, of various types. The co-ordinates that are
determined with these instruments are originally
ellipsoidal geographic in the WGS84 system and
thus, to carry out the superimposition of the
existing national or European maps, it is necessary
to transform them.
■ Photogrammetry, this must take place using the
support points linked to the WGS84 system.
2.2.2. Cartographic structure of the Road cadastre
The basic geometric structure of the Road cadastre is
the network of the road axes, which can in part be
deduced and geo-referenced with respect to the
national geodetic network, but which must be supported
by vertices networks determined by GPS for the geo-
referencing in the global WGS84 network.