F. Zablotskij), and The Southern Carpathians (edited by
D. Ioane). The monographs summarise. the latest
geoscience results, available on these regions, with
particular emphasis on the project’s objectives. There is
also a sixth volume by Vyskocil and Sledzinski which
contains general characteristics of all regions, list of
performed studies and a summary, indicating some
proposals for future investigations.
The second phase of the Project CERGOP-2 includes three
new member countries (Albania, Bosnia&Herzegovina and
Bulgaria); extension of the CEGRN results in accepting in
total more than 60 CERGOP (CEGRN) sites. Thus the
extension of the geographic area of the project concludes in
establishing the Central European Extended GPS Reference
Network (CEEGRN). The great role play the existing
permanent satellite stations for maintenance of the Central
European Terrestrial Reference Frame (CETRF), which is
best suited for regional tectonic investigations; it is also
envisaged to introduce CEEGRN network as a subnetwork of
the EUREF permanent network. The calculation and
interpretation of the 3D tectonic velocity field covering the
Central European Region will be continued; the geodynamic
investigations of interesting regions of Central and Southern
Europe will be extended. New CERGOP-2 Study Groups
were established. They are the following:
CSG. 1 CERGOP stations and site quality monitoring chaired
by G. Virag (Hungary);
CSG.2 Coordination of CERGOP analysis centres.- G. Stangl
(Austria);
CSG.3 CERGOP Reference Frame and geokinematic
modelling - J. Hefty (Slovakia)
CSG.4 Height determination and atmospheric effects - J
Simek (Czech Republic);
CSG.5 Geotectonic analysis of the region of Central Europe
J. Sledzinski (Poland) and P. Vyskocil (Czech
Republic);
Groups for regional investigations:
CSG5/1 Monitoring of recent crustal movements in Eastern
Alps and the North and Eastern Adriatic with GPS - C.
Marchesini (Italy);
CSG.5/2 Three dimensional plate kinematics in Romania - D.
Ghitau (Romania);
CSG.5/3 Integration of present geodynamic investigations in
the Pannonian Basin - G. Grenerczy (Hungary);
CSG.5/4 International geodynamic test area Plitvice Lakes -
chairman to be nominated;
CSG.5/5 Geodynamics of the Tatra Mountains - K. Czarnecki
(Poland) and M. Mojzes (Slovakia);
CSG.5/6 Geodynamics of Northern Carpathians-F.Zablotskij;
CSG.6 Real time monitoring by GPS - A. Nardi (Italy);
CSG.7 Maintenance and update of the permanent sensor array
- M. Becker (Germany) and P. Pesec (Austria).
According to the requirements of the EC 5th Framework EU
Programme the proposal must be divided into work-packages.
The following seven work-packages for CERGOP-2 are
proposed:
WP1: Enhancement of the Permanent CEEGRN
Network,
WP2: Maintenance and Extension of CEEGRN,
WP3: Central European Terrestrial Reference Frame,
WP4: Tropospheric Delay Estimation,
WP5: Ionospheric Modelling,
WP6: Real Time GPS Applications,
WP7: Local Deformation Studies in Central Europe.
3. PROGRAMME EXTENDED SAGET
For technical reasons the number of sites of the CEGRN was
limited to 31. It is successfully supplemented by the
programme EXTENDED SAGET which was initiated by the
Institute of Geodesy and Geodetic Astronomy of the Warsaw
University of Technology in 1991 as an extension of the
Polish Project SAGET (Satellite Geodynamic Traverses)
launched at this Institute in 1986. There is a significant
coincidence of scientific aims of both projects CEGRN and
EXTENDED SAGET; however, there are also very essential
differences. The EXTENDED SAGET network covers much
more extended area and an unlimited number of points can be
incorporated to this network. This gives an excellent
opportunity to all participating institutions to connect new
established points to the ITRF coordinate system.
EXTENDED SAGET campaigns are thought as a long-term
action and will be performed every year at least in the whole
of current decade. So far, the EXTENDED SAGET
campaigns were organised in the following periods:
EXTENDED SAGET 1992, September 7-11;
EXTENDED SAGET’1993, August 2-6;
EXTENDED SAGET' 1994, May 2-6;
EXTENDED SAGET 1995, May 29 - June 3;
EXTENDED SAGET 1996, June 10-15;
EXTENDED SAGET 1997, June 4-10;
EXTENDED SAGET'1998, June 27 to July 1.
EXTENDED SAGET’ 1999, June 14-19
In order to have more points related to the same epoch of
observation the four campaigns of EXTENDED SAGET
1994-1997 and the campaign 1999 fully overlapped the
period of CEGRN campaigns. The following conclusions may
be pointed out when comparing both projects: (1) The same
standards of GPS observations are observed in both CEGRN
and EXTENDED SAGET campaigns, (2) EXTENDED
SAGET network includes stations of Scandinavia and
Mediterranean Region. CEGRN is limited only to CEI
countries; only some regions of Germany, interesting from
tectonic point of view, are included, (3) EXTENDED SAGET
campaigns give the possibility to connect to ITRF system new
points that may be currently needed, (4) Both networks
(projects) can coexist. Campaigns of both projects may
supplement each other.
4. PERMANENT STATIONS IN THE RESEARCH
PROGRAMMES OF THE CEI
Over the past few years many permanent satellite stations,
whose positions are determined basing on permanent twenty-
four-hour GPS observations of highest accuracy, began their
operation. These stations belong, above all, to the
International GPS Service for Geodynamics (IGS) and to the
EUREF network, but also to the national navigation services
operating in the Differential Global Positioning System
organised for various special economic purposes such as
transport, communication, police, medical service, fire
department etc. This situation raised new possibilities of using
permanent observations to monitor certain short-term
phenomena and made it necessary for us to develop new
technological procedures related to the collection and
processing of a very extensive observation data. This also
