Proceedings, XXth congress: Proceedings, XXth congress

Altan, M. Orhan

Bibliographic data

Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 1663674213

Title:: Proceedings, XXth congress

Sub title:: Istanbul, 12 - 23 July 2004

Year of publication:: 2004

Place of publication:: Istanbul

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 1663674213

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist aus dem Copyrightjahr ermittelt.; Auch bezeichnet als XXth International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Editor:: Altan, M. Orhan

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 166368779X

Title:: Proceedings, XXth congress

Scope:: IV, 226 Seiten

Year of publication:: 2004

Place of publication:: Istanbul

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 166368779X

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(35,B8)

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist aus dem Copyrightjahr ermittelt.

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Altan, M. Orhan

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2019

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: INTERPRETATION OF TROPICAL VEGETATION USING LANDSAT ETM+IMAGERY M. M. Rahman, E. Csaplovics, B. Koch, M. Köhl

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

004 International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B-YF. Istanbul 2004 Table 2. Description of ve e getation type and their appearance on a Landsat image (4 red, 5 — green and 3 > blue) Vegetation type Vegetation characteristic Interpretation remark Primary (tropical wet evergreen and semi-evergreen) forests Multi-storeyed forests with a number of matured trees in the upper canopy; shrubs and sometimes bamboo in lower canopy In some areas a gregarious occurrence of Dipterocarpus species is noticed Dark brown with sometimes reddish brown spots Rough texture Irregular boundary Secondary (young) forests Mixture of a number of species at pole-stage Cleared several years ago and left undisturbed Red to reddish brown Smoother texture than the mature forests Mixed Dominated by bamboo (Muli: Melocanna Yellow and yellowish brown vegetation baccifera, Mitinga: Bambusa tulda) with sometimes Texture varies with region dominated by scattered trees in the upper canopy Difficult to distinguish from natural bamboo Assoication varies with local topography, top forests when bamboo is intermixed and mid slope covered by small-sized bamboo (Muli) whereas foothill and valleys by larger bamboos (Mitinga) Shrubs Shrubs intermixed with seedling and sapling of Light yellow with green, smooth natural vegetation, bamboo and grasses texture Formerly covered by natural forests, repeated If canopy is closed appears light disturbance resulted scrubby or bush type vegetation yellow but in case of exposed soil it appears green Located nearby the habitation Acacia Plantation with Acacia auriculformis and A. Dark red with smooth texture, dark plantation mangium Excellent growth was noticed tone is sometimes identical Identification between two species is not possible without ground information Usually follows a regular boundary Mixed A variety of indigenous species: Dipterocarpus Reddish brown, smooth texture, plantation with turbinatus, Sysygium grande, Artorcarpus regular boundary indigenous Chaplasha, Gmelina arborea, Chikrassia tabularis species etc. Green with dark brown spots. Those spots might appear due to scattered remaining of natural vegetation inside this Scattered trees, |e teak plantation, teak coppice This class has a large variability, all the e mentioned class appears as the same spectral response on a Landsat image ° Teak coppice appears if teak plantations were class removed e ° Scattered trees appear due to the extreme human interference on natural forests Teak trees have large leaves with no undergrowth, scattered trees with scrubby surrounding appears as same. ° No difference can be made with teak plantation or coppice Rubber e Introduced before one-two decades for the ° Green on Landsat image. This tone plantation production of rubber appears from bare soil because trees were e The spacing is variable leafless during the time of image » Rubber tree sheds leaves during winter. acquisition CY. Beginning of January the leaves turn to pale; by the of | end of the month trees are complete leafless ps ed ely reflectance due to the internal leaf structure varies with age, and 4. CONCLUSION rot young vegetation has a higher reflectance than the mature one in this spectral region though shadow might have an additional The study generated an interpretation key and a spectral library, influence on it. which can be used for interpretation and monitoring forest in ver | the tropics. However, there are several limitations of this study. in | For example, variation in crown characteristics within a specific of | 3.4 Selective Interpretation Key species can be a source of interpretation error leading to of | misclassification. Among the factors that can cause significant m | The above result can be summarized and presented in table 2 for ^ variation are tree age and stress. Trees growing on deep, fertile Icy interpretation purpose. To ease the interpretation, Landsat soils at low elevations tend to have different crown forms than ) p- image and its corresponding field photos have also been their counterparts on shallow, rocky soils at high elevations. he included (Figure 4 and figure 5). Position of a tree crown on a satellite image can also change its ral appearance. Trees on shaded slopes will appear darker and have 161

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