Proceedings, XXth congress: Proceedings, XXth congress

Altan, M. Orhan

Bibliographic data

Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 1663674213

Title:: Proceedings, XXth congress

Sub title:: Istanbul, 12 - 23 July 2004

Year of publication:: 2004

Place of publication:: Istanbul

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 1663674213

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist aus dem Copyrightjahr ermittelt.; Auch bezeichnet als XXth International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Editor:: Altan, M. Orhan

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 166368779X

Title:: Proceedings, XXth congress

Scope:: IV, 226 Seiten

Year of publication:: 2004

Place of publication:: Istanbul

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 166368779X

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(35,B8)

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist aus dem Copyrightjahr ermittelt.

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Altan, M. Orhan

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2019

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: An Adaptive Content-Based Localized Watermarking Algorithm for Remote Sensing Image Xianmin Wang, Zequn Guan, Chenhan Wu

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B-YF. Istanbul 2004 Table 1. Comparison of Experimental Results Testing Type Testing COX method DCT Entire algorithm Our algorithm : Number Filter JMedian, Gauss, FMLR, Sharpening! 5 5 5 JPEG compression 10 10 10 10 Symmetrically and non-symmetrically 5 5 5 5 moving rows and lines Current linear geometrical : 5 3 5 5 transform 10 10 10 10 Changing x-y axes display scale > > 5 5 Scale transform 5 3 5 Cropping in x-y directions 15 8 10 13 Circumvolving with cropping and no scale transform 15 7 9 10 Circumvolving with cropping and scale transform 10 2 3 8 Center cropping 2 2 2 A StirMark random bend Summation 87 59 69 78 6. Conclusions In this paper we proposed CBWM localized adaptive watermarking algorithm base on DWT. In this algorithm, we firstly extracted edges and chose feature points in the original remote sensing image, then established each sub-image, in the center of which is the feature point, and embedded the local watermarks into the feature vectors in the three-level DWT low-frequency space (LL3) of sub-images and the local watermark is orthogonal to the feature vector, watermark is sub-image content-based. In addition the embedding procedure was adaptive, namely we firstly organized wavelet coefficients into wavelet blocks, classified those wavelet blocks by texture intension and according to the classification results, adaptively embedded watermark weights of different strength into different weights of the feature vector. Furthermore the algorithm exploited the Neymann-Pearson criterion to detect local watermarks. And we exploited StirMark as the testing instrument to verify robustness of the algorithm. And experiments testified that the algorithm has a strong robustness, simultaneously a good resistive ability against filter, noise, geometrical transform, remote sensing image compression, x-y direction cropping and StirMark attack and has a certain robustness against remote sensing image rotation, which needs to improve further. In addition, after embedding watermarks, there is little influence on such applications of the remote sensing image as edge detection and image classification. Therefore the watermarking algorithm is a practical one for remote sensing images. Moreover, we could improve robustness of CBWM localized adaptive watermarking algorithm based on DWT for remote sensing images from the following 2 aspects: 1) theoretically as long as part of the remote sensing image after cropping contains at least one feature point and the corresponding sub-image, the watermarks can be detected. But after compression and other image processing (such as filter, noise adding), the feature points in the remote sensing image can't all be detected, which would lead to failure of namely . 196 watermarking detection. So when detecting watermarks, we should detect not only from the sub-image of the feature point, but also from all candidate points and the points in the near areas around them. As long as in one sub-image corresponding to some point, the watermark can be detected, we think there be localized watermarks in the image. But that would increase complexity of the computation; 2) the algorithm is more complicated in computation, so we can consider making heuristic search by heuristic knowledge to decrease the computation during the course of optimization computation. In addition, we can consider to improve robustness of the algorithm from 8 aspects: 1 )making feature points possess stronger stability; 2)exploiting the algorithm which is more suitable to embed local watermarks in remote sensing sub-images, consequently improves robustness of local watermarks; 3)choosing more appropriate size of local area to embed watermarks, therefore further increasing the ability to resist cropping and StirMark attack and the robustness of local watermarks; 4)choosing more suitable scale gene ‘a’ to better control embedding intensity and energy of local watermarks; 5)classification of wavelet blocks can also be done in the spacial area (Huang Daren, 2002a). Each wavelet block all corresponds with a sub-image of the same size in the spacial area and those sub-images are not overlapped and formed a kind of division of the original remote sensing image. In addition edge points represent those breaking points of image pixel grays, therefore if a sub-image has more edge points, it would have stronger texture; and so the texture of the wavelet block corresponding with the sub-image would be stronger. Therefore we can consider to classify the wavelet blocks by exploiting the density of edge points; 6)managing to make watermarks resist cropping as well as zoom and general affine transform; 7)developing the digital watermarking technology based on features (Yi Kaixiang, 2001a). Watermarking technology based

Access restriction

Copyright

fullscreen: Proceedings, XXth congress (Part 8)

Multivolume work

Volume

Chapter

Table of contents

Cite and reuse

Volume

Chapter

Image

Image fragment

Citation links

Citation recommendation