Proceedings, XXth congress: Proceedings, XXth congress

Altan, M. Orhan

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Multivolume work

Persistent identifier:: 1663674213

Title:: Proceedings, XXth congress

Sub title:: Istanbul, 12 - 23 July 2004

Year of publication:: 2004

Place of publication:: Istanbul

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 1663674213

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist aus dem Copyrightjahr ermittelt.; Auch bezeichnet als XXth International Congress for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Editor:: Altan, M. Orhan

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Commission Primary Data Acquisition

Document type:: Multivolume work

Volume

Persistent identifier:: 166368779X

Title:: Proceedings, XXth congress

Scope:: IV, 226 Seiten

Year of publication:: 2004

Place of publication:: Istanbul

Publisher of the original:: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]

Identifier (digital):: 166368779X

Illustration:: Illustrationen, Diagramme

Signature of the source:: ZS 312(35,B8)

Language:: English

Additional Notes:: Erscheinungsdatum des Originals ist aus dem Copyrightjahr ermittelt.

Usage licence:: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

Editor:: Altan, M. Orhan

Corporations:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Adapter:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Founder of work:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Other corporate:: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Congress, 20., 2004, Istanbul; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Publisher of the digital copy:: Technische Informationsbibliothek Hannover

Place of publication of the digital copy:: Hannover

Year of publication of the original:: 2019

Document type:: Volume

Collection:: Earth sciences

Chapter

Title:: SENSOR WEB AND GEOSWIFT - AN OPEN GEOSPATIAL SENSING SERVICE S. H. L. Liang, V. Tao, A. Croitoru

Document type:: Multivolume work

Structure type:: Chapter

International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B-YF. Istanbul 2004 The gateway wirelessly connects to the nodes and connects to the GeoSWIFT server through the Internet. The gateway is composed of an MICA2 mote plugged into an interface board which connects to a PC through RS232 based serial interface. A wireless sensor network of four MICA2 motes with sensor boards has been tested and deployed at York University. Currently, these MICA2 are stationary sensors that performing sensing tasked at fixed locations. Locations can be acquired by additional devices such as a GPS receiver when the sensors are initially deployed in the field. In the very near future when localization techniques of sensor networks become more mature, the sensor web will have a lot of mobile sensors as moving agents to collect on-demand field measurements upon requests. An open geospatial sensing service, such as GeoSWIFT service, will become the information centre to control, manage, display and analyse the locations and observations of these widely distributed moving sensors. 2.2.2 External Sensor Observation Sources: There are a lot of sensor networks geographically distributed all over the world and continuously collecting data. We have seen the development and evolution of World Wide Web. Since sensor web shares a lot of similarity with WWW, we envision that those existing sensor networks will be integrated into sensor web and sensor web will become a worldwide storage and exchanging center of the sensing resources. Thus, we tested and integrated several existing sensor networks into GeoSWIFT. We have seen that some of the sensing information is already available online, such as Environment Canada's Climate Online, USGS's NEIC (National Earthquake Information Center) for earthquakes, NOAA's METAR for worldwide weather stations. Those existing Internet accessible sensing resources have obstacles for integrated sensing, such as sensor web, because these networks are using different transfer protocols and encode jn proprietary data formats. Their data are not interoperable, not human readable, and not machine readable. GeoSWIFT server retrieves the data from these sensing information services through Internet, serves as a wrapper, and provides a unified protocol (web service), an standard based data formats (XML, GML) for sensor web users. In the current integration, METAR and NEIC are the two external sensor observations sources in this testbed. Through GeoSWIFT sever, users don’t need to deal with the different protocols and data formats of METAR and NEIC. By following the web service standards and interfaces, users can concentrate in application through collaboration and harmony between sensing resources. 223 Web Cams; Low-cost off-the-shelf sensors, such as web cams, microphones have become widely available. Those sensors can interface to low-cost PCs which provide strong processing power and can casily broadcast sensing observations (which are video, still images, sounds, etc...) over the Internet. These sensors are rich resources for the sensor web and can be applied to a lot of applications, such as environmental monitoring and safety surveillance. In this testbed, we tested our concept by integrating City of Ottawa’s traffic web cams in GeoSWIFT. These web cams cover most of the important intersections of downtown Ottawa and give viewers a sense of real-time traffic conditions. The web cams in Ottawa feed near-real time still images into GeoSWIFT and GeoSWIFT connects users to web cams by embedding Xlink to the web cams in GML responses 84 upon users' requests. We can foresee that a lot of applications will be done by including these low-cost off-the-shelf sensors into the interoperable infrastructure of the sensor web. 3. DISCUSSIONS AND FUTURE WORK An open geospatial sensing service can be the centre which stores, disseminates, exchanges, manages, displays and analyzes the spatial sensing information for sensor web. In GeoSWIFT, we've integrated three sensing resources into GeoSWIFT. At later stages of GeoSWIFT, more sensing resources, especially remote sensing data (e.g. satellite remote sensing imageries, Lidar point clouds, etc), will be tested and integrated into current system. Wireless sensor networks, such as MICA2 we are using in GeoSWIFT, bring great opportunities and challenges to current spatial data infrastructure. These tiny motes and moving agents will change the way how we collect data for GIS. These tiny motes and moving objects will generate enormous amounts of data and data types for GIS. The processing power and embedded operation system of MICA2 provides the capability for GeoSWIFT sensing service to send command and control to the nodes, and nodes change the behaviour according to the commands. By integrating external sensor observation sources, such as METAR and NEIC, we expand the scope of GeoSWIFT to the level of an interoperable sensor web. The sensor web should be able to leverage existing sensing resources and shouldn't focus on using certain sensing instruments and proprietary communication protocols. The spatial component of those existing sensor observation services is weak. In both METAR and NEIC, locations of the observations are recorded in geographical coordinates in text format. By providing a standard based web service interfaces (OGC web specifications) and data format (GML), GeoSWIFT includes these external sensor observations into sensor web and makes these two sensing resources interoperable and more widely available. Web cam is the remote sensing sensors currently included in GeoSWIFT. Web cams represent another type of sensing resources of sensor web, which is low-cost, off-the-shelf and yet powerful. In the future, GeoSWIFT will include more different types of sensing resources and remote sensing data is especially of high priority (e.g. satellite remote sensing imageries). Real-world applications will be built upon our currently system. ACKNOLEGEMENTS This research is sponsored by GEOIDE, PRECARN and CRESTech. Authors also want to thank Mr. Bjorn Prenzel's help on this paper. REFERENCES Correal, N. and Patwari, N., 2001. Wireless Sensor Networks: Challenges and Opportunities, MPRG/Virginia Tech Wireless Symposium. Estrin, D., Culler, D., Pister, K. and Sukhatme, G., 2002. Connecting the Physical World with Pervasive Networks. /EEE Pervasive Computing, 1(1). Inte —— Es! Ins Int OC an OC Int Te To ISi Ol

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